Abstract
Clubroot is a devastating disease threatening global cruciferous vegetable production caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae ( Pb ). We have evaluated the positive effects of the Alcaligenes faecalis Juj3 on cabbage growth promotion and Pb stress alleviation through pot and field experiments. The Juj3 strain was isolated from a healthy cabbage rhizosphere with growth-promoting characteristics and was identified as A. faecalis based on morphological traits and phylogeny. Seed germination assays revealed that Juj3 inoculation enhances cabbage bud shoot and root growth. In pot experiments, inoculation with Juj3 fermentation powder at cabbage sowing dates significantly improved the seedling biomass. Combining seed treatments with root irrigation after transplanting considerably reduced the clubroot disease index and resulted in appreciable biocontrol efficacy (83.7%). Gene expression analyses of cabbage after Juj3 inoculation showed that PR2 and EIN3 expression were significantly up-regulated. Physiologically, Juj3 inoculation enhanced cabbage chlorophyll content and root activity in a normal environment. Irrespective of whether plants were under normal environment or Pb stresses, Juj3 improved photosynthesis. Field trial analyses revealed that Juj3 exhibits satisfactory biocontrol efficacy in cabbage (51.4%) and Chinese cabbage (37.7%). Moreover, Juj3 could also enhance cabbage and Chinese cabbage biomass to improve the yield quality. These findings pave the way for future use of A. faecalis as biocontrol agents for clubroot and reveal the great potential of the rhizobacterium for plant growth-promoting applications in agriculture and horticulture.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 inoculation enhanced cabbage bud shoot and root growth.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae0 - Treatment
- Juj3 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Outcome
- bud shoot and root growthe0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Juj3 inoculation enhances cabbage bud shoot and root growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 fermentation powder at sowing significantly improved cabbage seedling biomass.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- inoculation with Juj3 fermentation powdere0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Outcome
- seedling biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with Juj3 fermentation powder at cabbage sowing dates significantly improved the seedling biomass.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined seed treatment and root irrigation reduced clubroot disease index.
- Treatment
- Combining seed treatments with root irrigation after transplantinge0
- Outcome
- clubroot disease indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedTaxonInteractorComparator
Verbatim
e0“Combining seed treatments with root irrigation after transplanting considerably reduced the clubroot disease index and resulted in appreciable biocontrol efficacy (83.7%).”
t0“cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment achieved 83.7% biocontrol efficacy.
- Treatment
- Combining seed treatments with root irrigation after transplantinge0
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Value
- 83.7%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Combining seed treatments with root irrigation after transplanting considerably reduced the clubroot disease index and resulted in appreciable biocontrol efficacy (83.7%).”
t0“cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 inoculation significantly up-regulated cabbage PR2 and EIN3 expression.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- Juj3 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Gene
- PR2 and EIN3e0
- Outcome
- PR2 and EIN3 expressione0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gene expression analyses of cabbage after Juj3 inoculation showed that PR2 and EIN3 expression were significantly up-regulated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 inoculation enhanced cabbage chlorophyll content and root activity in a normal environment.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- Juj3 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content and root activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- normal environmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Juj3 inoculation enhanced cabbage chlorophyll content and root activity in a normal environment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 improved photosynthesis under normal conditions and Pb stress.
- Treatment
- Juj3e0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- normal environment or Pb stressese0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Irrespective of whether plants were under normal environment or Pb stresses, Juj3 improved photosynthesis.”
t0“cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Field Juj3 biocontrol efficacy in cabbage was 51.4%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- Juj3e0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Value
- 51.4%e0
- Setting
- Fielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field trial analyses revealed that Juj3 exhibits satisfactory biocontrol efficacy in cabbage (51.4%) and Chinese cabbage (37.7%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Field Juj3 biocontrol efficacy in Chinese cabbage was 37.7%.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0 - Treatment
- Juj3e0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Value
- 37.7%e0
- Setting
- Fielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field trial analyses revealed that Juj3 exhibits satisfactory biocontrol efficacy in cabbage (51.4%) and Chinese cabbage (37.7%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 enhanced cabbage biomass.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- Juj3e0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Juj3 could also enhance cabbage and Chinese cabbage biomass to improve the yield quality.”
Claim · model-written summary
Juj3 enhanced Chinese cabbage biomass.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0
- Treatment
- Juj3e0
- Interactor
- Juj3e0other
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Juj3 could also enhance cabbage and Chinese cabbage biomass to improve the yield quality.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.