Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate yield, yield components, and some qualitative traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars under nitrogen fertilizers and weed control in dryland conditions of Khorramabad during the 2017 - 2018 growing season. Treatments were arranged in split-split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor included F1: control (without fertilizer); F2: bio-fertilizer (Rhizobium); F3: 100 % chemical fertilizer and F4: integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer; sub-factor consisted of three cultivars of chickpea (Adel, Mansour, and Arman) and sub-sub-factor included weeds control (weeding) and weed infested (non-weeding). The results indicated that nitrogen fertilizers, especially the integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer, had a positive effect on all studied traits. The highest number of pods per plant, grain yield, and biological yield were obtained from the Arman cultivar with the application of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer and for the same cultivar under weed control conditions. The maximum number of pods per plant (28.2) and amount of grain protein content (25.3 %) were obtained by integrating of bio-fertilizer + 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer and weeds control. In general, the Arman cultivar has priority over other cultivars for the grain yield under Khorramabad climate conditions, and integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer could be considered as a means to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizers, especially combined biofertilizer and half-rate chemical fertilizer, benefited all studied chickpea traits.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen fertilizers, especially the integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer, had a positive effect on all studied traits”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Arman under combined biofertilizer and half-rate chemical fertilizer had the highest pod number, grain yield and biological yield.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)Cicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Armane0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- number of pods per plant, grain yield, and biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of pods per plant, grain yield, and biological yield were obtained from the Arman cultivar with the application of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Arman under weed control had the highest pod number, grain yield and biological yield.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)Cicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Armane0
- Treatment
- weed controle0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- number of pods per plant, grain yield, and biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of pods per plant, grain yield, and biological yield were obtained from the Arman cultivar with the application of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer and for the same cultivar under weed control conditions”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizer and weed control produced 28.2 pods per plant.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)Cicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- integrating of bio-fertilizer + 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer and weeds controle0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 28.2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of pods per plant (28.2) and amount of grain protein content (25.3 %) were obtained by integrating of bio-fertilizer + 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer and weeds control”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizer and weed control produced 25.3% grain protein content.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)Cicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- integrating of bio-fertilizer + 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer and weeds controle0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- grain protein contente0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 25.3 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of pods per plant (28.2) and amount of grain protein content (25.3 %) were obtained by integrating of bio-fertilizer + 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer and weeds control”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors prioritize Arman for grain yield in Khorramabad.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)Cicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Armane0
- Outcome
- priority over other cultivars for the grain yielde0
- Setting
- Khorramabade0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Arman cultivar has priority over other cultivars for the grain yield under Khorramabad climate conditions”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combined biofertilizer and half-rate chemical fertilizer to reduce chemical fertilizer use.
- Taxon
- chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)Cicer arietinumt0
- Outcome
- integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integration of bio-fertilizer + 50 % chemical fertilizer could be considered as a means to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture”
t0“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
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