Abstract
Agroforestry is an integration of tree species with agricultural crops or livestock that can be directly used to enhance agro biodiversity, rural livelihood and to meet the demand of green fodder throughout the year. Considering this fact, a study was done at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana to assess the productivity of fodder crops under poplar based agroforestry system. In February 2016, poplar was planted in six different spacing of 3× 3 m, 4×3 m, 5×3 m, 6×3 m, 7×3 m and 8×3 m. In this study, fodder crops (sorghum during Kharif season and oat and berseem during Rabi season) were intercropped in different spacing’s of poplar and compared with control in three replications. The results revealed that the maximum DBH (13.92 cm), basal diameter (16.90 cm) and crown spread (6.79 m) attained in 8×3 m spacing while maximum height (9.61 m) is attained in 3×3 m spacing. The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing. Green fodder biomass of sorghum (38.45 t/ha), berseem (64.56 t/ha) and oat (52.62 t/ha) was recorded higher in wider spacing (8×3 m) as compared to sole crops. The maximum light intensity (672.4 Lux) was recorded in 8×3 m at 1.00 pm in the month of July, 2018. Higher value of BCR was observed for poplar with oat (2.44) followed by poplar with sorghum (2.31) and poplar with berseem (2.28) under 3×3 m spacing indicating that closer spacing of 3×3 m of poplar is more economic than the other spacings due to more number of trees per unit area and more production of wood.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar DBH reached a maximum of 13.92 cm at 8×3 m spacing.
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the maximum DBH (13.92 cm), basal diameter (16.90 cm) and crown spread (6.79 m) attained in 8×3 m spacing while maximum height (9.61 m) is attained in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar basal diameter reached a maximum of 16.90 cm at 8×3 m spacing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the maximum DBH (13.92 cm), basal diameter (16.90 cm) and crown spread (6.79 m) attained in 8×3 m spacing while maximum height (9.61 m) is attained in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar crown spread reached a maximum of 6.79 m at 8×3 m spacing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the maximum DBH (13.92 cm), basal diameter (16.90 cm) and crown spread (6.79 m) attained in 8×3 m spacing while maximum height (9.61 m) is attained in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar height reached a maximum of 9.61 m at 3×3 m spacing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the maximum DBH (13.92 cm), basal diameter (16.90 cm) and crown spread (6.79 m) attained in 8×3 m spacing while maximum height (9.61 m) is attained in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pH was highest at 8×3 m spacing, reaching 7.94.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil EC was highest at 8×3 m spacing, reaching 0.27 dS/m.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil SOC was highest at 3×3 m spacing, reaching 0.47 %.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N was highest at 3×3 m spacing, reaching 158.5 kg/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil P was highest at 3×3 m spacing, reaching 16.8 kg/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil K was highest at 3×3 m spacing, reaching 343.8 kg/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pH (7.94) and EC (0.27 dS/m) were recorded in 8×3 m spacing while highest SOC (0.47 %), N (158.5 kg/ha), P (16.8 kg/ha) and K (343.8 kg/ha) were recorded in 3×3 m spacing”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
sorghum green fodder biomass was higher under wider poplar spacing than as a sole crop, reaching 38.45 t/ha.
- Treatment
- wider spacing (8×3 m)e0
- Outcome
- Green fodder biomasse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 38.45 t/hae0
- Comparator
- sole cropse0
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green fodder biomass of sorghum (38.45 t/ha), berseem (64.56 t/ha) and oat (52.62 t/ha) was recorded higher in wider spacing (8×3 m) as compared to sole crops”
Claim · model-written summary
berseem green fodder biomass was higher under wider poplar spacing than as a sole crop, reaching 64.56 t/ha.
Verbatim
e0“Green fodder biomass of sorghum (38.45 t/ha), berseem (64.56 t/ha) and oat (52.62 t/ha) was recorded higher in wider spacing (8×3 m) as compared to sole crops”
Claim · model-written summary
oat green fodder biomass was higher under wider poplar spacing than as a sole crop, reaching 52.62 t/ha.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- wider spacing (8×3 m)e0
- Outcome
- Green fodder biomasse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 52.62 t/hae0
- Comparator
- sole cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green fodder biomass of sorghum (38.45 t/ha), berseem (64.56 t/ha) and oat (52.62 t/ha) was recorded higher in wider spacing (8×3 m) as compared to sole crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Light intensity reached a maximum of 672.4 Lux in 8×3 m spacing at 1.00 pm in July 2018.
- Outcome
- light intensitye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 672.4 Luxe0
- Qualifier
- at 1.00 pm in the month of July, 2018e0
- Setting
- 8×3 me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum light intensity (672.4 Lux) was recorded in 8×3 m at 1.00 pm in the month of July, 2018”
e1“poplar was planted”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar with oat had a BCR of 2.44 under 3×3 m spacing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher value of BCR was observed for poplar with oat (2.44) followed by poplar with sorghum (2.31) and poplar with berseem (2.28) under 3×3 m spacing”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar with sorghum had a BCR of 2.31 under 3×3 m spacing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher value of BCR was observed for poplar with oat (2.44) followed by poplar with sorghum (2.31) and poplar with berseem (2.28) under 3×3 m spacing”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar with berseem had a BCR of 2.28 under 3×3 m spacing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher value of BCR was observed for poplar with oat (2.44) followed by poplar with sorghum (2.31) and poplar with berseem (2.28) under 3×3 m spacing”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that 3×3 m poplar spacing was more economic than other spacings.
- Outcome
- closer spacing of 3×3 m of poplar is more economic than the other spacingse0
- Qualifier
- more number of trees per unit area and more production of woode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“closer spacing of 3×3 m of poplar is more economic than the other spacings due to more number of trees per unit area and more production of wood”
The same questions in other papers
density · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 17 papers →density · growth · SorghumPositive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.