Abstract
Coastal soils in the Yellow River Delta (YRD) are characterized by high salinity and degraded physicochemical properties, which threaten agricultural production. Biochar has received growing interest as a sustainable soil amendment. However, the effects of biochar on coastal soil quality and the soil microbial response in the field are limited. In this study, the responses of soil properties and microbes to biochar amendment at low dosage (LBC, 18 ton/ha) and high dosage (HBC, 36 ton/ha) and no biochar treatment (CK) were investigated in a peanut field located in the YRD. The results elucidated that biochar-amended soils showed higher available nutrient (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) contents and cation exchange capacity, but exhibited lower electrical conductivity. Generally, the bacterial community was more easily impacted than that of fungi in both LBC and HBC treatments. Furthermore, the LBC amendment not only improved the abundance of some beneficial bacteria (i.e., Sphingomonas and Nannocystis ) but also increased the complexity, modularity index, and competitive interactions of the bacterial co-occurrence network. HBC-enriched Rozellomycota that is probably associated with peanut rot decreased the modularity index and competitive interactions, which might account for the decreased peanut yield under HBC treatment. It is encouraged to comprehensively consider the interaction among microorganisms when evaluating the effects of soil amendments on the soil environment, which plays a vital role in rhizosphere microecology and soil quality.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-amended soil had higher available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- biochar-amendede0
- Outcome
- available nutrient (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“biochar-amended soils showed higher available nutrient (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-amended soil had higher cation exchange capacity.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- biochar-amendede0
- Outcome
- cation exchange capacitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“biochar-amended soils showed higher available nutrient (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) contents and cation exchange capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-amended soil had lower electrical conductivity.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- biochar-amendede0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“biochar-amended soils showed higher available nutrient (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) contents and cation exchange capacity, but exhibited lower electrical conductivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial communities were more affected than fungi by both biochar doses.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- LBC and HBC treatmentse0
- Outcome
- bacterial communitye0
- Direction
- more easily impactede0
- Comparator
- fungie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“the bacterial community was more easily impacted than that of fungi in both LBC and HBC treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-dose biochar improved abundance of Sphingomonas and Nannocystis.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- LBC amendmente0
- Interactor
- Sphingomonas and NannocystisNannocystis
Sphingomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- abundance of some beneficial bacteriae0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“the LBC amendment not only improved the abundance of some beneficial bacteria (i.e., Sphingomonas and Nannocystis )”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-dose biochar increased bacterial network complexity, modularity and competitive interactions.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- LBC amendmente0
- Outcome
- complexity, modularity index, and competitive interactions of the bacterial co-occurrence networke0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“LBC amendment not only improved the abundance of some beneficial bacteria (i.e., Sphingomonas and Nannocystis ) but also increased the complexity, modularity index, and competitive interactions of the bacterial co-occurrence network”
Claim · model-written summary
High-dose biochar enriched Rozellomycota.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- HBCe0
- Interactor
- RozellomycotaRozellomycotae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Rozellomycotae0
- Direction
- enrichede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“HBC-enriched Rozellomycota”
Claim · model-written summary
High-dose biochar decreased bacterial network modularity and competitive interactions.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- HBCe0
- Interactor
- RozellomycotaRozellomycotae0pathogen
- Outcome
- modularity index and competitive interactionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“HBC-enriched Rozellomycota that is probably associated with peanut rot decreased the modularity index and competitive interactions”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut yield decreased under high-dose biochar.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- HBC treatmente0
- Outcome
- peanut yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“decreased peanut yield under HBC treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors encourage considering microbial interactions when evaluating soil amendments.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- comprehensively consider the interaction among microorganismse0
- Qualifier
- when evaluating the effects of soil amendments on the soil environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut-Planted Soil”
e0“It is encouraged to comprehensively consider the interaction among microorganisms when evaluating the effects of soil amendments on the soil environment”
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