Abstract
How the plasma membrane senses external heat-stress signals to communicate with chloroplasts to orchestrate thermotolerance remains elusive. We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress. Upon heat stress, plasma membrane–localized E3 ligase TT3.1 translocates to the endosomes, on which TT3.1 ubiquitinates chloroplast precursor protein TT3.2 for vacuolar degradation, implying that TT3.1 might serve as a potential thermosensor. Lesser accumulated, mature TT3.2 proteins in chloroplasts are essential for protecting thylakoids from heat stress. Our findings not only reveal a TT3.1-TT3.2 genetic module at one locus that transduces heat signals from plasma membrane to chloroplasts but also provide the strategy for breeding highly thermotolerant crops.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The TT3 locus reduces rice grain-yield losses caused by heat stress.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- heat stresse1
- Gene
- TT3.1 and TT3.2e1
- Outcome
- grain-yield lossese1
- Direction
- reducee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The TT3 locus enhances rice thermotolerance under heat stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Upon heat stress, the TT3.1 E3 ligase translocates to endosomes in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- heat stresse2
- Gene
- TT3.1e2
- Outcome
- translocates to the endosomese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
e2“Upon heat stress, plasma membrane–localized E3 ligase TT3.1 translocates to the endosomes, on which TT3.1 ubiquitinates chloroplast precursor protein TT3.2 for vacuolar degradation”
Claim · model-written summary
TT3.1 ubiquitinates TT3.2 for vacuolar degradation in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- TT3.2e2
- Outcome
- vacuolar degradatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
e2“Upon heat stress, plasma membrane–localized E3 ligase TT3.1 translocates to the endosomes, on which TT3.1 ubiquitinates chloroplast precursor protein TT3.2 for vacuolar degradation”
Claim · model-written summary
Lesser accumulated mature TT3.2 proteins in rice chloroplasts are essential for protecting thylakoids from heat stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- chloroplastse3
- Gene
- TT3.2e3
- Outcome
- protecting thylakoids from heat stresse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
e3“Lesser accumulated, mature TT3.2 proteins in chloroplasts are essential for protecting thylakoids from heat stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The TT3.1-TT3.2 genetic module transduces heat signals from the plasma membrane to chloroplasts in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- TT3.1-TT3.2 genetic modulee4
- Outcome
- transduces heat signalse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
e4“Our findings not only reveal a TT3.1-TT3.2 genetic module at one locus that transduces heat signals from plasma membrane to chloroplasts but also provide the strategy for breeding highly thermotolerant crops”
Claim · model-written summary
The TT3 study provides a strategy for breeding highly thermotolerant rice crops.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- breeding highly thermotolerant cropse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
e4“Our findings not only reveal a TT3.1-TT3.2 genetic module at one locus that transduces heat signals from plasma membrane to chloroplasts but also provide the strategy for breeding highly thermotolerant crops”
Claim · model-written summary
TT3.1 might serve as a potential thermosensor.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- TT3.1e5
- Outcome
- potential thermosensore5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We identified a quantitative trait locus, Thermo-tolerance 3 ( TT3 ), consisting of two genes, TT3.1 and TT3.2 , that interact together to enhance rice thermotolerance and reduce grain-yield losses caused by heat stress”
e5“implying that TT3.1 might serve as a potential thermosensor”
The same questions in other papers
heat · tolerance: abiotic · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
heat · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 159 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
191 papers more in this group
See all 195 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.