Abstract
Excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers to enhance rice productivity has become a significant source of nitrogen (N) pollution and reduced sustainable agriculture. However, little information about the physiology of different growth stages, agronomic traits, and associated genetic bases of N use efficiency (NUE) are available at low-N supply. Two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars were grown with optimum N (120 kg ha−1) and low N (60 kg ha−1) supply. Six growth stages were analyzed to measure the growth and physiological traits, as well as the differential proteomic profiles, of the rice cultivars. Cultivar Panvel outclassed Nagina 22 at low-N supply and exhibited improved growth and physiology at most of the growth stages and agronomic efficiency due to higher N uptake and utilization at low-N supply. On average, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, plant biomass, leaf N content, and grain yield were decreased in cultivar Nagina 22 than Panvel was 8%, 11%, 21%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, under low-N supply. Furthermore, proteome analyses revealed that many proteins were upregulated and downregulated at the different growth stages under low-N supply. These proteins are associated with N and carbon metabolism and other physiological processes. This supports the genotypic differences in photosynthesis, N assimilation, energy stabilization, and rice-protein yield. Our study suggests that enhancing NUE at low-N supply demands distinct modifications in N metabolism and physiological assimilation. The NUE may be regulated by key identified differentially expressed proteins. These proteins might be the targets for improving crop NUE at low-N supply.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Panvel outclassed Nagina 22 at low-N supply and showed improved growth and physiology at most growth stages.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Panvele1
- Organ / stage
- growth stagese1
- Treatment
- low-N supplye1
- Outcome
- growth and physiologye1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- Nagina 22e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e1“Cultivar Panvel outclassed Nagina 22 at low-N supply and exhibited improved growth and physiology at most of the growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Panvel had higher agronomic efficiency at low-N supply, attributed to higher N uptake and utilization.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- low-N supplye2
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye2
- Qualifier
- higher N uptake and utilizatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e2“agronomic efficiency due to higher N uptake and utilization at low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic rate was lower in Nagina 22 than in Panvel by 8% at low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nagina 22e3
- Treatment
- low-N supplye3
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 8%e3
- Qualifier
- On averagee3
- Comparator
- Panvele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e3“On average, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, plant biomass, leaf N content, and grain yield were decreased in cultivar Nagina 22 than Panvel was 8%, 11%, 21%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, under low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content was lower in Nagina 22 than in Panvel by 11% at low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nagina 22e3
- Treatment
- low-N supplye3
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 11%e3
- Qualifier
- On averagee3
- Comparator
- Panvele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e3“On average, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, plant biomass, leaf N content, and grain yield were decreased in cultivar Nagina 22 than Panvel was 8%, 11%, 21%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, under low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant biomass was lower in Nagina 22 than in Panvel by 21% at low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nagina 22e3
- Treatment
- low-N supplye3
- Outcome
- plant biomasse3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 21%e3
- Qualifier
- On averagee3
- Comparator
- Panvele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e3“On average, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, plant biomass, leaf N content, and grain yield were decreased in cultivar Nagina 22 than Panvel was 8%, 11%, 21%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, under low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf N content was lower in Nagina 22 than in Panvel by 19% at low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nagina 22e3
- Treatment
- low-N supplye3
- Outcome
- leaf N contente3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 19%e3
- Qualifier
- On averagee3
- Comparator
- Panvele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e3“On average, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, plant biomass, leaf N content, and grain yield were decreased in cultivar Nagina 22 than Panvel was 8%, 11%, 21%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, under low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was lower in Nagina 22 than in Panvel by 22% at low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nagina 22e3
- Treatment
- low-N supplye3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 22%e3
- Qualifier
- On averagee3
- Comparator
- Panvele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e3“On average, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, plant biomass, leaf N content, and grain yield were decreased in cultivar Nagina 22 than Panvel was 8%, 11%, 21%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, under low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Many proteins were upregulated and downregulated at different growth stages under low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- different growth stagese4
- Treatment
- low-N supplye4
- Outcome
- proteins were upregulated and downregulatede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e4“many proteins were upregulated and downregulated at the different growth stages under low-N supply”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified proteins are associated with N and carbon metabolism and other physiological processes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- proteinse5
- Outcome
- N and carbon metabolisme5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e5“These proteins are associated with N and carbon metabolism and other physiological processes”
Claim · model-written summary
NUE may be regulated by key differentially expressed proteins.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- differentially expressed proteinse6
- Outcome
- NUEe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e6“The NUE may be regulated by key identified differentially expressed proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhancing NUE at low-N supply demands distinct modifications in N metabolism and physiological assimilation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- distinct modifications in N metabolism and physiological assimilatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e7“Our study suggests that enhancing NUE at low-N supply demands distinct modifications in N metabolism and physiological assimilation”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified proteins may be targets for improving crop NUE at low-N supply.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- targets for improving crop NUEe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Nitrogen Use Efficiency”
e7“These proteins might be the targets for improving crop NUE at low-N supply”
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