Abstract
With the recent breakthrough in the development of the New Rice for Africa (NERICA) for the upland production system and the high demand for rice, farmers’ interest in growing upland rice has increased. A field experiment was conducted at Tsukuba International center, Japan from May to October 2019 to evaluate the response of rice to seed rate and nitrogen fertilizer application and also determine economically optimum seed rate and nitrogen level for NERICA-4 upland variety. The experiment contained factorial combination of four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90 kg ha -1 and two seed rates (60& 80 Kg ha -1 ). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design plot arrangement with three replications. The results from this study indicated that seed rate showed no significant effect on total dry matter weight, plant length, SPAD value, Leaf area index, panicle number, spikelet number, ripening ratio and grain yield while the total number of tillers was significant. However, nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly (p < 0.05) affected in plant length, tiller number, SPAD value, dry matter and Leaf area index. Except 1000grain, all the yield and yield component parameters have also shown a significant increase up to the rate of 90 kg N ha−1. The highest grain yield (3340 kg∙ha−1) was recorded using 90 kg N ha −1 followed by 60 kg N ha −1 (3200 kg ha −1) and the lowest yield (2100 kg ha −1 ) was recorded from control . Marginal rate of return analysis is also showed that the treatment with N fertilizer rate of 90 kg N ha −1 and seed rate 60 kg ha −1 gave the highest Marginal rate of return 1217 % followed by the treatment with N fertilizer rate of 60 kg N ha−1 and seed rate 60 kg ha−1.The general trend of the data indicated that the fertilizer rate has a greatest impact on grain yield compared to the seed rate of rice crop. Based on this study using 60 kg/ha seed rate and application of 90 kg N ha −1 gives high grain yield for rice crop production at experimental site. Keywords: Economic profit, Seed rate, N fertilizer rate, Optimum grain yield, Marginal rate of return DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/12-9-04 Publication date: May 31 st 2022
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Seed rate did not significantly affect dry matter weight, plant length and leaf area index.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- seed ratee0
- Outcome
- total dry matter weight, plant length, SPAD value, Leaf area indexe0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed rate showed no significant effect on total dry matter weight, plant length, SPAD value, Leaf area index, panicle number, spikelet number, ripening ratio and grain yield”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed rate did not significantly affect panicle number, spikelet number or ripening ratio.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seed ratee0
- Outcome
- panicle number, spikelet number, ripening ratioe0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed rate showed no significant effect on total dry matter weight, plant length, SPAD value, Leaf area index, panicle number, spikelet number, ripening ratio and grain yield”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed rate did not significantly affect grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seed ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed rate showed no significant effect on total dry matter weight, plant length, SPAD value, Leaf area index, panicle number, spikelet number, ripening ratio and grain yield”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed rate significantly affected total tiller number, with direction unspecified.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seed ratee1
- Outcome
- total number of tillerse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the total number of tillers was significant”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
e1“seed rate showed no significant effect on total dry matter weight, plant length, SPAD value, Leaf area index, panicle number, spikelet number, ripening ratio and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected plant length, tiller number and dry matter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer ratese0
- Outcome
- plant length, tiller numbere0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly (p < 0.05) affected in plant length, tiller number, SPAD value, dry matter and Leaf area index”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected SPAD value, dry matter and leaf area index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer ratese0
- Outcome
- SPAD value, dry matter and Leaf area indexe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly (p < 0.05) affected in plant length, tiller number, SPAD value, dry matter and Leaf area index”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased yield and yield components up to 90 kg N ha−1, except 1000-grain weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 90 kg N ha−1e0
- Outcome
- yield and yield component parameterse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- Except 1000graine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except 1000grain, all the yield and yield component parameters have also shown a significant increase up to the rate of 90 kg N ha−1.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain yield was 3340 kg∙ha−1 with 90 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 90 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3340 kg∙ha−1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yield (3340 kg∙ha−1) was recorded using 90 kg N ha −1 followed by 60 kg N ha −1 (3200 kg ha −1) and the lowest yield (2100 kg ha −1 ) was recorded from control”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield with 60 kg N ha −1 was 3200 kg ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 60 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- followed bye0
- Value
- 3200 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by 60 kg N ha −1 (3200 kg ha −1) and the lowest yield (2100 kg ha −1 ) was recorded from control”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Control grain yield was the lowest, 2100 kg ha −1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest yield (2100 kg ha −1 ) was recorded from control”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90 kg N ha −1 and 60 kg ha −1 seed treatment had the highest marginal return, 1217 %.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer rate of 90 kg N ha −1 and seed rate 60 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- Marginal rate of returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1217 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment with N fertilizer rate of 90 kg N ha −1 and seed rate 60 kg ha −1 gave the highest Marginal rate of return 1217 %”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 kg N ha−1 and 60 kg ha−1 seed treatment ranked second for marginal return.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer rate of 60 kg N ha−1 and seed rate 60 kg ha−1e0
- Outcome
- Marginal rate of returne1
- Direction
- followed bye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by the treatment with N fertilizer rate of 60 kg N ha−1 and seed rate 60 kg ha−1”
t0“Rice”
t1“Rice”
e1“the treatment with N fertilizer rate of 90 kg N ha −1 and seed rate 60 kg ha −1 gave the highest Marginal rate of return 1217 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer rate had greater impact on grain yield than seed rate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- fertilizer ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- seed ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the fertilizer rate has a greatest impact on grain yield compared to the seed rate of rice crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 60 kg/ha seed rate and 90 kg N ha −1 at the experimental site for high rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- using 60 kg/ha seed rate and application of 90 kg N ha −1e0
- Setting
- experimental sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using 60 kg/ha seed rate and application of 90 kg N ha −1 gives high grain yield for rice crop production at experimental site”
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