Abstract
Abstract Levels of ethylene, implicated in the induction of fruit ripening in a diverse array of plants, are influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as other plant hormones. Among these, salicylic acid (SA) and its derivative, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), have been demonstrated to inhibit ethylene biosynthesis in fruit, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we showed that treatment with exogenous ASA dramatically reduced ethylene production, as well as activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), in kiwifruit tissues. Comparative transcriptome analysis indicated the differential expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes (AdACS1/2 and AdACO5). A screen of transcription factors indicated that AdERF105L and AdWRKY29 were ASA-responsive regulators of AdACS1/2 and AdACO5, respectively. In addition to these genes, AdACS3 and AdACO3 were abundantly expressed in both ASA-treated and control tissues. AdACS3 protein was phosphorylated and stabilized by AdMPK16, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, while AdACO3 activity was enhanced by AdAP, an aspartic peptidase. Exogenous ASA downregulated AdMPK16 and AdAP, thereby influencing ethylene biosynthesis at a post-transcriptional level. These findings led us to propose a multidimensional system for inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by ASA, inducing differential expression of some ethylene biosynthesis genes, as well as differential effects on protein activity on other targets.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
ASA dramatically reduced ethylene production in kiwifruit.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosae0 - Treatment
- exogenous ASAe0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with exogenous ASA dramatically reduced ethylene production, as well as activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), in kiwifruit tissues.”
Claim · model-written summary
ASA dramatically reduced ACS and ACO activities in kiwifruit.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae0
- Treatment
- exogenous ASAe0
- Gene
- ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO)e0
- Outcome
- activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with exogenous ASA dramatically reduced ethylene production, as well as activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO), in kiwifruit tissues.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene biosynthetic genes AdACS1/2 and AdACO5 were differentially expressed.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- AdACS1/2 and AdACO5e0
- Outcome
- differential expression of ethylene biosynthetic genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comparative transcriptome analysis indicated the differential expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes (AdACS1/2 and AdACO5).”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
AdERF105L and AdWRKY29 were ASA-responsive regulators of AdACS1/2 and AdACO5, respectively.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- AdERF105L and AdWRKY29e0
- Outcome
- ASA-responsive regulators of AdACS1/2 and AdACO5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AdERF105L and AdWRKY29 were ASA-responsive regulators of AdACS1/2 and AdACO5, respectively.”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
AdACS3 and AdACO3 were abundantly expressed in ASA-treated and control tissues.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- ASA-treatede0
- Gene
- AdACS3 and AdACO3e0
- Outcome
- abundantly expressede0
- Comparator
- control tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AdACS3 and AdACO3 were abundantly expressed in both ASA-treated and control tissues.”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
AdMPK16 phosphorylated and stabilized AdACS3 protein.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- AdACS3 proteine0
- Outcome
- phosphorylated and stabilizede0
- Qualifier
- AdMPK16e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AdACS3 protein was phosphorylated and stabilized by AdMPK16, a mitogen-activated protein kinase”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
AdAP enhanced AdACO3 activity.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- AdAPe0
- Outcome
- AdACO3 activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AdACO3 activity was enhanced by AdAP, an aspartic peptidase.”
t0“kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ASA downregulated AdMPK16 and AdAP.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- Exogenous ASAe0
- Gene
- AdMPK16 and AdAPe0
- Outcome
- AdMPK16 and AdAPe0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous ASA downregulated AdMPK16 and AdAP, thereby influencing ethylene biosynthesis at a post-transcriptional level.”
t0“kiwifruit”
The same questions in other papers
acetylsalicylic acid · physiology: hormones · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.