Abstract
Irreplaceable mortality of Helicoverpa armigera due to natural enemies was studied in cotton in western Kenya. Field populations of H. armigera were followed in three types of subplots: where crawling predators were suppressed, where both crawling and flying predators were suppressed and where predators were unaffected. Ants were the predominant crawling predators, whereas anthocorids were the predominant flying predators. H. armigera mortality from egg to late larval stage was very high (96.4-99.7%) and was greater in the second than in the first generation. Suppression of the different groups of predators did not increase the density of the pest. It is argued that the high level of background mortality obscured the role of predators. The possible role of host-plant condition on background mortality is discussed.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Ants were the predominant crawling predators.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Interactor
- AntsFormicidaee0other
- Outcome
- predominant crawling predatorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cotton”
e0“Ants were the predominant crawling predators”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocorids were the predominant flying predators.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- anthocoridse0other
- Outcome
- predominant flying predatorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cotton”
e0“anthocorids were the predominant flying predators”
Claim · model-written summary
Mortality of H. armigera from egg to late larval stage was 96.4-99.7%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- H. armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae0pest - Outcome
- H. armigera mortality from egg to late larval stagee0
- Value
- 96.4-99.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Cotton”
e0“H. armigera mortality from egg to late larval stage was very high (96.4-99.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
H. armigera mortality was greater in the second generation than the first.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae0pest
- Outcome
- H. armigera mortalitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the first generatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cotton”
e0“H. armigera mortality from egg to late larval stage was very high (96.4-99.7%) and was greater in the second than in the first generation”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing predator groups did not increase pest density.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Suppression of the different groups of predatorse0
- Interactor
- H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- density of the peste0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cotton”
e0“Suppression of the different groups of predators did not increase the density of the pest”
e1“Field populations of H. armigera were followed”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors argue that high background mortality obscured predator effects.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- role of predatorse0
- Qualifier
- high level of background mortalitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cotton”
e0“the high level of background mortality obscured the role of predators”
e1“Field populations of H. armigera were followed”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · Helicoverpa armigera · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
biocontrol · Helicoverpa armigera · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.