Abstract
Hot water blanching at 80 °C for 3 min can be used as a novel pre-treatment step in pomegranate peel to preserve the integrity of the phytochemical content within the peel extracts by lowering or inactivating enzymes such as polyphenol (PPO) oxidase and peroxidase (POD) that are responsible for the break-down of phytochemicals within the peel. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hot water blanching pre-treatment on yield, bioactive compounds, antioxidants, enzyme inactivation, and antibacterial activity of ‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts. We used a variety of spectrophotometric-based assays and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based approach to characterize and quantify metabolites within the peel extracts. Blanching significantly (p < 0.05) reduced PPO activity in all peel extracts, with the highest PPO reduction in ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts at 0.25 U/mL. Furthermore, higher antioxidant activity in ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity at 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DM, 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DM, and 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively, was noted. ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts were recorded with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 80 µg/mL for Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria strains. A total of 30 metabolites were present in ‘Acco’ and ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts and were tentatively identified after LC-MS profiling. This study demonstrates that blanched peel extracts from ‘Herskawitz’ cultivar have great potential for commercial use in value-added products in the nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and pharmacological industries.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Blanching significantly reduced PPO activity in all pomegranate peel extracts.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatume1 - Material
- ‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’e1
- Treatment
- Blanchinge2
- Outcome
- PPO activitye2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e2“Blanching significantly (p < 0.05) reduced PPO activity in all peel extracts, with the highest PPO reduction in ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts at 0.25 U/mL”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest PPO reduction after blanching was in Herskawitz pomegranate peel extracts, at 0.25 U/mL.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e2
- Treatment
- Blanchinge2
- Outcome
- PPO reductione2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 0.25 U/mLe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e2“Blanching significantly (p < 0.05) reduced PPO activity in all peel extracts, with the highest PPO reduction in ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts at 0.25 U/mL”
Claim · model-written summary
Blanched Herskawitz peel extracts had higher DPPH antioxidant activity, 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DM.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e3
- Treatment
- blanchede3
- Outcome
- DPPHe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DMe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e3“higher antioxidant activity in ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity at 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DM, 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DM, and 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively, was noted”
Claim · model-written summary
Blanched Herskawitz peel extracts had higher FRAP antioxidant power, 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DM.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e3
- Treatment
- blanchede3
- Outcome
- FRAPe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DMe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e3“higher antioxidant activity in ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity at 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DM, 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DM, and 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively, was noted”
Claim · model-written summary
Blanched Herskawitz peel extracts had higher ABTS radical scavenging activity, 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DM.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e3
- Treatment
- blanchede3
- Outcome
- ABTSe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DMe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e3“higher antioxidant activity in ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity at 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DM, 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DM, and 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively, was noted”
Claim · model-written summary
Blanched Herskawitz peel extracts had the lowest MIC, 80 µg/mL, against Bacillus subtilis.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e4
- Treatment
- blanchede4
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise4other - Outcome
- minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)e4
- Direction
- loweste4
- Value
- 80 µg/mLe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e4“‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts were recorded with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 80 µg/mL for Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria strains”
Claim · model-written summary
Blanched Herskawitz peel extracts had the lowest MIC, 80 µg/mL, against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e4
- Treatment
- blanchede4
- Interactor
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniaee4other - Outcome
- minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)e4
- Direction
- loweste4
- Value
- 80 µg/mLe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e4“‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts were recorded with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 80 µg/mL for Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria strains”
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 30 metabolites were present in Acco and Herskawitz peel extracts and tentatively identified by LC-MS profiling.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Acco’ and ‘Herskawitz’e5
- Outcome
- metabolitese5
- Value
- 30 metabolitese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e5“A total of 30 metabolites were present in ‘Acco’ and ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts and were tentatively identified after LC-MS profiling”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that blanched Herskawitz peel extracts have great potential for commercial use in value-added products.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Material
- ‘Herskawitz’e6
- Outcome
- great potential for commercial use in value-added productse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts”
e6“This study demonstrates that blanched peel extracts from ‘Herskawitz’ cultivar have great potential for commercial use in value-added products”
The same questions in other papers
processing · quality: phytochemicals · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.