Abstract
In the present study, the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid (100 μM), cerium oxide (50 mg L−1), and cerium oxide:salicylic acid nanoparticles (CeO2: SA-nanoparticles, 50 mg L−1 + 100 μM) on the growth and physiological responses of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) were examined in non-saline and saline conditions (50 and 100 mM NaCl salinity). Foliar applications mitigated salinity-induced adverse effects, and the highest plant height and N, P, Mg, and Mn content were recorded in the variant with non-saline × foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticles. The highest values of fresh and dry weight were noted in the treatment with no-salinity × foliar use of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles. The highest number of sub-branches was observed in the foliar treatments with CeO2-nanoparticles and CeO2:SA-nanoparticles without salinity stress, while the lowest number was noted in the 100 mM NaCl treatment. Moreover, the foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticles improved the total soluble solid content, K, Fe, Zn, Ca, chlorophyll a, and oil yield in the plants. The salinity of 0 and 50 mM increased the K content, 1000-seed weight, total soluble solid content, and chlorophyll b content. The use of 100 mM NaCl with no-foliar spray increased the malondialdehyde, Na, and H2O2 content and the Na+/K+ ratio. No-salinity and 50 mM NaCl × CeO2: SA-nanoparticle interactions improved the anthocyanin content in plants. The phenolic content was influenced by NaCl100 and the foliar use of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles. The study revealed that the foliar treatment with CeO2:SA-nanoparticles alleviated the side effects of salinity by improving the physiological responses and growth-related traits of purslane plants.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar applications mitigated salinity-induced adverse effects in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca oleraceat0 - Treatment
- Foliar applicationse1
- Outcome
- salinity-induced adverse effectse1
- Direction
- mitigatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e1“Foliar applications mitigated salinity-induced adverse effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CeO2:SA nanoparticles under non-saline conditions gave the highest plant height in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticlese1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- non-salinee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e1“the highest plant height and N, P, Mg, and Mn content were recorded in the variant with non-saline × foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticles”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CeO2:SA nanoparticles under non-saline conditions gave the highest N, P and Mg content in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticlese1
- Outcome
- N, P, Mge1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- non-salinee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e1“the highest plant height and N, P, Mg, and Mn content were recorded in the variant with non-saline × foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticles”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CeO2:SA nanoparticles under non-saline conditions gave the highest Mn content in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticlese1
- Outcome
- Mn contente1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- non-salinee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e1“the highest plant height and N, P, Mg, and Mn content were recorded in the variant with non-saline × foliar use of CeO2: SA-nanoparticles”
Claim · model-written summary
No-salinity with foliar CeO2:SA nanoparticles gave the highest fresh and dry weight in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- no-salinity × foliar use of CeO2:SA-nanoparticlese2
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte2
- Direction
- highest valuese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e2“The highest values of fresh and dry weight were noted in the treatment with no-salinity × foliar use of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest number of sub-branches in purslane was found with foliar CeO2 and CeO2:SA nanoparticles without salinity stress.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar treatments with CeO2-nanoparticles and CeO2:SA-nanoparticlese3
- Outcome
- number of sub-branchese3
- Direction
- highest numbere3
- Qualifier
- without salinity stresse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e3“The highest number of sub-branches was observed in the foliar treatments with CeO2-nanoparticles and CeO2:SA-nanoparticles without salinity stress, while the lowest number was noted in the 100 mM NaCl treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100 mM NaCl treatment gave the lowest number of sub-branches in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl treatmente3
- Outcome
- number of sub-branchese3
- Direction
- lowest numbere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e3“The highest number of sub-branches was observed in the foliar treatments with CeO2-nanoparticles and CeO2:SA-nanoparticles without salinity stress, while the lowest number was noted in the 100 mM NaCl treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CeO2:SA and CeO2 nanoparticles improved total soluble solid content, K and Fe in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticlese4
- Outcome
- total soluble solid content, K, Fee4
- Direction
- improvede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e4“the foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticles improved the total soluble solid content, K, Fe, Zn, Ca, chlorophyll a, and oil yield in the plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CeO2:SA and CeO2 nanoparticles improved Zn, Ca and chlorophyll a in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticlese4
- Outcome
- Zn, Ca, chlorophyll ae4
- Direction
- improvede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e4“the foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticles improved the total soluble solid content, K, Fe, Zn, Ca, chlorophyll a, and oil yield in the plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CeO2:SA and CeO2 nanoparticles improved oil yield in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticlese4
- Outcome
- oil yielde4
- Direction
- improvede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e4“the foliar application of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles and cerium-oxide nanoparticles improved the total soluble solid content, K, Fe, Zn, Ca, chlorophyll a, and oil yield in the plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity of 0 and 50 mM increased K content, 1000-seed weight and total soluble solid content in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- The salinity of 0 and 50 mMe5
- Outcome
- K content, 1000-seed weight, total soluble solid contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e5“The salinity of 0 and 50 mM increased the K content, 1000-seed weight, total soluble solid content, and chlorophyll b content”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity of 0 and 50 mM increased chlorophyll b content in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- The salinity of 0 and 50 mMe5
- Outcome
- chlorophyll b contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e5“The salinity of 0 and 50 mM increased the K content, 1000-seed weight, total soluble solid content, and chlorophyll b content”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mM NaCl without foliar spray increased malondialdehyde, Na and H2O2 content in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle6
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde, Na, and H2O2 contente6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Comparator
- no-foliar spraye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e6“The use of 100 mM NaCl with no-foliar spray increased the malondialdehyde, Na, and H2O2 content and the Na+/K+ ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mM NaCl without foliar spray increased the Na+/K+ ratio in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle6
- Outcome
- Na+/K+ ratioe6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Comparator
- no-foliar spraye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e6“The use of 100 mM NaCl with no-foliar spray increased the malondialdehyde, Na, and H2O2 content and the Na+/K+ ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
No-salinity and 50 mM NaCl interactions with CeO2:SA nanoparticles improved anthocyanin content in purslane.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- CeO2: SA-nanoparticlee7
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente7
- Direction
- improvede7
- Qualifier
- No-salinity and 50 mM NaCle7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e7“No-salinity and 50 mM NaCl × CeO2: SA-nanoparticle interactions improved the anthocyanin content in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic content in purslane was influenced by 100 mM NaCl and foliar CeO2:SA nanoparticles; the direction is not stated.
- Taxon
- Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceat0
- Treatment
- NaCl100e1
- Outcome
- phenolic contente1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Portulaca oleracea L.”
e1“The phenolic content was influenced by NaCl100 and the foliar use of CeO2:SA-nanoparticles”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · physiology: oxidative · Portulaca oleraceaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
salinity · physiology: pigments · Portulaca oleraceaResults differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
salinity · yield · Portulaca oleraceaPositive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
application · nutrient: content · Portulaca oleraceaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · physiology: pigments · Portulaca oleraceaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · physiology: pigments · Portulaca oleraceaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · growth · Portulaca oleraceaResults agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.