Abstract
After excessive application of chemical fertilizer in farmland can cause serious impact on the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the optimal application rate of maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in order to maintain the sustainable use of cultivated land. The objective of this study was to quantify the interaction effect of fertilizer type and N fertilizer application rate on maize grain yield, N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiency. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors (2 N fertilizer types × 5 N fertilizer application rates) in 2018, 2019, and 2020. The two N fertilizer types were urea and slow-release N fertilizer. The five N fertilizer application rates were 90 (N 1 ), 120 (N 2 ), 180 (N 3 ), 240 (N 4 ), and 300 (N 5 ) kg N ha –1 . The mean grain yield in slow-release N fertilizer was 21.3%, 25%, and 16.2% higher than that with urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Total plant N uptake in slow-release N fertilizer was 2.3%, 5.5%, and 3.3% higher than that with urea fertilizer at silking stage in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Total N translocation under slow-release N fertilizer averaged over N fertilizer application rates and years was 9.3%, 22.9%, and 17.8% lower than observed under urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Fertilizer type and N fertilizer application rate had significant effects on maize grain yield, N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiency. The combination of slow-release N fertilizer and moderate N fertilizer application rate (180 kg N ha –1 ) was the optimal strategy for increasing maize grain yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer increased maize grain yield versus urea by 21.3% in 2018.
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 21.3%e0
- Qualifier
- 2018e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean grain yield in slow-release N fertilizer was 21.3%, 25%, and 16.2% higher than that with urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer increased maize grain yield versus urea by 25% in 2019.
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 25%e0
- Qualifier
- 2019e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean grain yield in slow-release N fertilizer was 21.3%, 25%, and 16.2% higher than that with urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer increased maize grain yield versus urea by 16.2% in 2020.
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 16.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 2020e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean grain yield in slow-release N fertilizer was 21.3%, 25%, and 16.2% higher than that with urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer increased maize N uptake at silking by 2.3% versus urea in 2018.
- Organ / stage
- silking stagee0
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Total plant N uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.3%e0
- Qualifier
- 2018e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total plant N uptake in slow-release N fertilizer was 2.3%, 5.5%, and 3.3% higher than that with urea fertilizer at silking stage in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer increased maize N uptake at silking by 5.5% versus urea in 2019.
- Organ / stage
- silking stagee0
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Total plant N uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.5%e0
- Qualifier
- 2019e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total plant N uptake in slow-release N fertilizer was 2.3%, 5.5%, and 3.3% higher than that with urea fertilizer at silking stage in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer increased maize N uptake at silking by 3.3% versus urea in 2020.
- Organ / stage
- silking stagee0
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Total plant N uptakee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.3%e0
- Qualifier
- 2020e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total plant N uptake in slow-release N fertilizer was 2.3%, 5.5%, and 3.3% higher than that with urea fertilizer at silking stage in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer lowered total N translocation versus urea by 9.3% in 2018.
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Total N translocatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 9.3%e0
- Qualifier
- 2018e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N translocation under slow-release N fertilizer averaged over N fertilizer application rates and years was 9.3%, 22.9%, and 17.8% lower than observed under urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer lowered total N translocation versus urea by 22.9% in 2019.
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Total N translocatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 22.9%e0
- Qualifier
- 2019e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N translocation under slow-release N fertilizer averaged over N fertilizer application rates and years was 9.3%, 22.9%, and 17.8% lower than observed under urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-release fertilizer lowered total N translocation versus urea by 17.8% in 2020.
- Treatment
- slow-release N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Total N translocatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 17.8%e0
- Qualifier
- 2020e0
- Comparator
- urea fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N translocation under slow-release N fertilizer averaged over N fertilizer application rates and years was 9.3%, 22.9%, and 17.8% lower than observed under urea fertilizer in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer type and rate significantly affected maize grain yield, N uptake, translocation and translocation efficiency.
- Treatment
- Fertilizer type and N fertilizer application ratee0
- Outcome
- maize grain yield, N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiencye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer type and N fertilizer application rate had significant effects on maize grain yield, N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiency”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend slow-release N fertilizer at 180 kg N ha –1 to increase maize grain yield.
- Outcome
- combination of slow-release N fertilizer and moderate N fertilizer application rate (180 kg N ha –1 )e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of slow-release N fertilizer and moderate N fertilizer application rate (180 kg N ha –1 ) was the optimal strategy for increasing maize grain yield”
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