Abstract
Abstract Excess N-fertilizer application and inappropriate fertilization methods have led to low N use efficiency (NUE) and high N leaching. A field experiment was performed in a typical lime concretion black soil area to compare N application methods: split surface broadcasting (SSB) and one-time root-zone fertilization (RZF) on grain yield, NUE, the fate of 15 N urea and soil N loss during the 2015 and 2016 maize growing seasons. Each application method was tested at N rates of 135 and 180 kg N ha −1 , and a control (CK) with no N fertilizer. The RZF treatment remarkably increased grain yield by 7.0% compared with SSB treatment under 180 kg N ha −1 , and significantly increased N derived from fertilizer by 28.5%. The residual 15 N in the 0–80 cm soil layer was 40.6–47.6% after harvest, 61.8–70.9% of which was retained in 0–20 cm. The RZF remarkably increased the 15 N recovery in maize by 28.7%, while significantly decreased the potential N losses by 30.2% compared with SSB in both seasons. In conclusion, one-time RZF of urea is recommended for obtaining high yields, increasing NUE, and minimizing N losses in maize, which deserves more attention for developing and applying in the future.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone fertilization at 180 kg N ha-1 increased maize grain yield by 7.0% compared with split surface broadcasting
- Treatment
- RZFe1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 7.0%e1
- Qualifier
- under 180 kg N ha −1e1
- Comparator
- SSBe1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2015 and 2016 maize growing seasons”
e1“The RZF treatment remarkably increased grain yield by 7.0% compared with SSB treatment under 180 kg N ha −1, and significantly increased N derived from fertilizer by 28.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone fertilization significantly increased N derived from fertilizer by 28.5% compared with split surface broadcasting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2015 and 2016 maize growing seasons”
e1“The RZF treatment remarkably increased grain yield by 7.0% compared with SSB treatment under 180 kg N ha −1, and significantly increased N derived from fertilizer by 28.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone fertilization increased 15N recovery in maize by 28.7% compared with split surface broadcasting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The RZF remarkably increased the 15 N recovery in maize by 28.7%, while significantly decreased the potential N losses by 30.2% compared with SSB in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone fertilization significantly decreased potential N losses by 30.2% compared with split surface broadcasting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The RZF remarkably increased the 15 N recovery in maize by 28.7%, while significantly decreased the potential N losses by 30.2% compared with SSB in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual 15N in the 0–80 cm soil layer was 40.6–47.6% after harvest
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2015 and 2016 maize growing seasons”
e4“The residual 15 N in the 0–80 cm soil layer was 40.6–47.6% after harvest, 61.8–70.9% of which was retained in 0–20 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
61.8–70.9% of the residual 15N was retained in the 0–20 cm soil layer
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2015 and 2016 maize growing seasons”
e4“The residual 15 N in the 0–80 cm soil layer was 40.6–47.6% after harvest, 61.8–70.9% of which was retained in 0–20 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
One-time root-zone fertilization of urea is recommended for high yields, increased NUE and minimized N losses in maize
- Outcome
- one-time RZF of ureae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“In conclusion, one-time RZF of urea is recommended for obtaining high yields, increasing NUE, and minimizing N losses in maize”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative
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