Abstract
Human population is anticipated to increase to 9.8 billion by 2050 and this increase causes a more intensive agricultural production. The soils are polluted as the farming activities are intensified. Fertilizers and the pesticides that are used in agriculture and the imbalanced industrialization cause heavy metals to move into the soil thereby creating soil-environmental pollution. Cadmium (Cd), one of the heavy metals, is also present in the biosphere, enters the soil as a result of natural processes and anthropogenic activities, exerting toxic effects on agricultural products, food chain and living organisms. This highly toxic and dangerous metal has come to the fore with its important role in environmental pollution due to its various usage areas. In this study, the effects of three different Cd doses on the cationic macro and micronutrient content of maize plant was investigated. Cadmium application at 2.5 and 5.0 mg kg-1 decreased shoot dry matter by % 10.8 and % 20.0 respectively compared with control treatment. While the highest macro and micronutrient contents were obtained in the control treatment, the lowest values were obtained in the Cd5 treatment. Cadmium applications were not statistically significant in shoot K, Mg and Ca concentrations but significantly decreased K and Ca contents. Compared with the control treatment, Cd applications at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg were determined to decrease the K content by % 9.9 and % 18.4 and Ca content by 17.7% and 21.3% respectively. When the Cd concentration and content are determined, the highest values were found to be in the Cd5 treatment. Consequently, increased Cd accumulation in shoots was determined to be associated with decreases in K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn uptake of maize plant. Therefore, close monitoring of nutritional problems that can potentially occur in agricultural areas contaminated with Cd might be beneficial for the evaluation of different solution proposals
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 2.5 mg/kg decreased shoot dry matter by 10.8% compared with control.
- Treatment
- Cadmium applicatione1
- Outcome
- shoot dry mattere1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- % 10.8e1
- Qualifier
- respectivelye1
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e1“Cadmium application at 2.5 and 5.0 mg kg-1 decreased shoot dry matter by % 10.8 and % 20.0 respectively compared with control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 5.0 mg/kg decreased shoot dry matter by 20.0% compared with control.
- Treatment
- Cadmium applicatione1
- Outcome
- shoot dry mattere1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- % 20.0e1
- Qualifier
- respectivelye1
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e1“Cadmium application at 2.5 and 5.0 mg kg-1 decreased shoot dry matter by % 10.8 and % 20.0 respectively compared with control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest macro and micronutrient contents were in the control treatment and the lowest in the Cd5 treatment.
- Treatment
- Cd5 treatmente2
- Outcome
- macro and micronutrient contentse2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e2“While the highest macro and micronutrient contents were obtained in the control treatment, the lowest values were obtained in the Cd5 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd applications did not significantly change shoot K, Mg and Ca concentrations.
- Treatment
- Cadmium applicationse3
- Outcome
- shoot K, Mg and Ca concentrationse3
- Direction
- not statistically significante3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e3“Cadmium applications were not statistically significant in shoot K, Mg and Ca concentrations but significantly decreased K and Ca contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd applications significantly decreased shoot K and Ca contents.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e3“Cadmium applications were not statistically significant in shoot K, Mg and Ca concentrations but significantly decreased K and Ca contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg decreased K content by 9.9% compared with control.
- Treatment
- Cd applicationse4
- Outcome
- K contente4
- Direction
- decreasee4
- Value
- % 9.9e4
- Qualifier
- at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kge4
- Comparator
- control treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e4“Compared with the control treatment, Cd applications at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg were determined to decrease the K content by % 9.9 and % 18.4 and Ca content by 17.7% and 21.3% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 5.0 mg/kg decreased K content by 18.4% compared with control.
- Treatment
- Cd applicationse4
- Outcome
- K contente4
- Direction
- decreasee4
- Value
- % 18.4e4
- Qualifier
- respectivelye4
- Comparator
- control treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e4“Compared with the control treatment, Cd applications at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg were determined to decrease the K content by % 9.9 and % 18.4 and Ca content by 17.7% and 21.3% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg decreased Ca content by 17.7% compared with control.
- Treatment
- Cd applicationse4
- Outcome
- Ca contente4
- Direction
- decreasee4
- Value
- 17.7%e4
- Qualifier
- respectivelye4
- Comparator
- control treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e4“Compared with the control treatment, Cd applications at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg were determined to decrease the K content by % 9.9 and % 18.4 and Ca content by 17.7% and 21.3% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 5.0 mg/kg decreased Ca content by 21.3% compared with control.
- Treatment
- Cd applicationse4
- Outcome
- Ca contente4
- Direction
- decreasee4
- Value
- 21.3%e4
- Qualifier
- respectivelye4
- Comparator
- control treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e4“Compared with the control treatment, Cd applications at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg were determined to decrease the K content by % 9.9 and % 18.4 and Ca content by 17.7% and 21.3% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot Cd concentration and content were highest in the Cd5 treatment.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e5“When the Cd concentration and content are determined, the highest values were found to be in the Cd5 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased shoot Cd accumulation was associated with decreased uptake of K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn.
- Organ / stage
- shootse6
- Compound
- Cde6
- Outcome
- decreases in K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn uptakee6
- Direction
- decreasese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium Pollution Impairs Maize Growth and Uptake of Cationic Essential Nutrients”
e6“increased Cd accumulation in shoots was determined to be associated with decreases in K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn uptake of maize plant”
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See all 46 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.