Abstract
Background: The effects of different fertilizer types and their application rates on leaf nutrient content and avocado yield are unclear. An evaluation of eucalyptus-wood-based compost applied at 0, 5, 10, and 15 t ha−1 year−1 on foliar nutrient content, yield, and fruit size distribution (%) was completed at Mooketsi and Politsi, Limpopo Province, South Africa, from 2016 to 2018. Methods: A completely randomized block design with three replicates was used. Data were collected annually, and fruit size was classified as classes; 1 (>275 g), 2 (197–274 g), 3 (148–196 g), and 4 (0–147 g). Results: Leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, and Zn, fruit yield and size distribution (%) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by compost quantity and proportionally increased with application rates in each year. Compost had cumulative effects on the measured parameters; the highest values were recorded in 2018 under a 15 t ha−1 application rate, which corresponded to the highest yield (19.6 t ha−1) and the largest proportion of fruits in class 1. Conclusions: The ≥10 t ha−1 year−1 application rate can be used, though the compost saturation levels of the soils should be determined to avoid possible danger of nutrient toxicity if high application rates are continuously used for >3 years.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing compost rates significantly raised foliar nutrient content.
- Taxon
- Avocado
Persea americanat0 - Treatment
- compost quantitye0
- Outcome
- Leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, and Zne0
- Direction
- proportionally increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, and Zn, fruit yield and size distribution (%) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by compost quantity and proportionally increased with application rates in each year.”
t0“Avocado (Persea americana Mill)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing compost rates significantly raised fruit yield.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- compost quantitye0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- proportionally increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit yield and size distribution (%) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by compost quantity and proportionally increased with application rates in each year.”
t0“Avocado (Persea americana Mill)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing compost rates significantly increased fruit size distribution.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- compost quantitye0
- Outcome
- size distribution (%)e0
- Direction
- proportionally increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit yield and size distribution (%) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by compost quantity and proportionally increased with application rates in each year.”
t0“Avocado (Persea americana Mill)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest yield was 19.6 t ha−1 under the highest application rate in 2018.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- 15 t ha−1 application ratee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 19.6 t ha−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values were recorded in 2018 under a 15 t ha−1 application rate, which corresponded to the highest yield (19.6 t ha−1)”
t0“Avocado (Persea americana Mill)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest compost rate in 2018 gave the largest class 1 fruit proportion.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- 15 t ha−1 application ratee0
- Outcome
- proportion of fruits in class 1e0
- Direction
- largeste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest values were recorded in 2018 under a 15 t ha−1 application rate, which corresponded to the highest yield (19.6 t ha−1) and the largest proportion of fruits in class 1.”
t0“Avocado (Persea americana Mill)”
Claim · model-written summary
An application rate of at least 10 t ha−1 year−1 is recommended with soil saturation monitoring.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Outcome
- ≥10 t ha−1 year−1 application rate can be usede0
- Qualifier
- compost saturation levels of the soils should be determinede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ≥10 t ha−1 year−1 application rate can be used, though the compost saturation levels of the soils should be determined to avoid possible danger of nutrient toxicity if high application rates are continuously used for >3 years.”
t0“Avocado (Persea americana Mill)”
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