Abstract
During investigations; homology model of 3D-structure was built for sequence of polyhedrin protein of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus, containing 246 amino acids (Accession: ACI05106.1 GI: 205946055), and evaluated through multiple tools/ applications to judge extent of accuracy in light of existing crystal structure. Further, in vivo experiments were conducted and determined response of different adjuvants with HaNPV and their efficacy. The pooled mean mortality of larvae exposed to virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtrates (8.3 larvae per 25 plants) was differ significantly from control (15.8 larvae per 25 plants), suggesting that UV protectants & diet enhancer (mannitol) has ability to protect stability of virulence of the virus, under field conditions. The minimum percent pod damage of 8.6% and maximum yield of 1604.8 Kg ha-1 at harvesting was recorded with formulation of indigenous BHA virus isolate @ 2.2 x 105 POBs mL-1 mixed with Roket @50 ppm; followed by formulation with mannitol (@ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates) with percent pod damage of 16.8 % and yield of 1045.8 Kg ha-1 of chickpea. Furthermore, in vitro toxicity of fresh virus suspension @ 250 mL ha-1 was recorded more toxic in terms of percent mortality and LT50 (5.65 days). However, three months stored HaNPV formulations [(A) mannitol @ 1%+ green tea@ 5% and (B) mannitol @ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates] were more effective in larval reduction with LT50 of 7.89 and 6.00 days, respectively. Virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtrates gave stability to formulation up-to one year with LT50 of 7.64 days. Findings showed that HaNPV formulations with mannitol (B) have potential that can be used in integrated manner with other IPM practices, to reduce the use of toxic synthetic pesticides in chickpea.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Larvae exposed to HaNPV mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtrates had a pooled mortality that differed significantly from control.
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtratese1
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerat0pest - Second interactor
- Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirusHelicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedroviruse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- pooled mean mortality of larvaee1
- Value
- 8.3 larvae per 25 plantse1
- Comparator
- controle1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e0“polyhedrin protein of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus”
e1“The pooled mean mortality of larvae exposed to virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtrates (8.3 larvae per 25 plants) was differ significantly from control (15.8 larvae per 25 plants)”
Claim · model-written summary
The formulation of indigenous BHA isolate at 2.2 x 10(5) POBs mL-1 with Roket gave the minimum pod damage, 8.6%.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- formulation of indigenous BHA virus isolate @ 2.2 x 105 POBs mL-1 mixed with Roket @50 ppme2
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerat0pest
- Outcome
- minimum percent pod damagee2
- Direction
- minimume2
- Value
- 8.6%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e2“The minimum percent pod damage of 8.6% and maximum yield of 1604.8 Kg ha-1 at harvesting was recorded with formulation of indigenous BHA virus isolate @ 2.2 x 105 POBs mL-1 mixed with Roket @50 ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
The same formulation gave the maximum yield, 1604.8 Kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- formulation of indigenous BHA virus isolate @ 2.2 x 105 POBs mL-1 mixed with Roket @50 ppme2
- Outcome
- maximum yielde2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 1604.8 Kg ha-1e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e2“The minimum percent pod damage of 8.6% and maximum yield of 1604.8 Kg ha-1 at harvesting was recorded with formulation of indigenous BHA virus isolate @ 2.2 x 105 POBs mL-1 mixed with Roket @50 ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
Formulation with mannitol, green tea and rice bran filtrates gave 16.8% pod damage.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- formulation with mannitol (@ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates)e3
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerat0pest
- Outcome
- percent pod damagee3
- Value
- 16.8 %e3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e3“followed by formulation with mannitol (@ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates) with percent pod damage of 16.8 % and yield of 1045.8 Kg ha-1 of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The formulation with mannitol, green tea and rice bran filtrates gave a yield of 1045.8 Kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- formulation with mannitol (@ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates)e3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Value
- 1045.8 Kg ha-1e3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e3“followed by formulation with mannitol (@ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates) with percent pod damage of 16.8 % and yield of 1045.8 Kg ha-1 of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro, fresh virus suspension at 250 mL ha-1 was more toxic in terms of mortality and LT50 of 5.65 days.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- fresh virus suspension @ 250 mL ha-1e4
- Outcome
- LT50e4
- Direction
- more toxice4
- Value
- 5.65 dayse4
- Setting
- in vitroe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e4“in vitro toxicity of fresh virus suspension @ 250 mL ha-1 was recorded more toxic in terms of percent mortality and LT50 (5.65 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Three-month stored formulation A was more effective in larval reduction, with LT50 of 7.89.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- (A) mannitol @ 1%+ green tea@ 5%e5
- Outcome
- larval reductione5
- Direction
- more effectivee5
- Value
- 7.89e5
- Qualifier
- three months storede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e5“However, three months stored HaNPV formulations [(A) mannitol @ 1%+ green tea@ 5% and (B) mannitol @ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates] were more effective in larval reduction with LT50 of 7.89 and 6.00 days, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Three-month stored formulation B was more effective in larval reduction, with LT50 of 6.00 days.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- (B) mannitol @ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtratese5
- Outcome
- larval reductione5
- Direction
- more effectivee5
- Value
- 6.00 dayse5
- Qualifier
- three months storede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e5“However, three months stored HaNPV formulations [(A) mannitol @ 1%+ green tea@ 5% and (B) mannitol @ 1% + green tea 5% + 5% rice bran filtrates] were more effective in larval reduction with LT50 of 7.89 and 6.00 days, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtrates gave formulation stability up to one year, with LT50 of 7.64 days.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtratese6
- Outcome
- LT50e6
- Value
- 7.64 dayse6
- Qualifier
- up-to one yeare6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e6“Virus mixed with 5% green tea and 5% rice bran filtrates gave stability to formulation up-to one year with LT50 of 7.64 days”
Claim · model-written summary
HaNPV formulations with mannitol have potential for integrated use to reduce toxic synthetic pesticides in chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume7
- Outcome
- use of toxic synthetic pesticidese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Findings showed that HaNPV formulations with mannitol (B) have potential that can be used in integrated manner with other IPM practices, to reduce the use of toxic synthetic pesticides in chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
UV protectants and mannitol are suggested to protect the stability of the virus under field conditions.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- UV protectants & diet enhancer (mannitol)e1
- Outcome
- stability of virulence of the viruse1
- Direction
- protecte1
- Setting
- field conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“against Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea”
e1“suggesting that UV protectants & diet enhancer (mannitol) has ability to protect stability of virulence of the virus, under field conditions”
The same questions in other papers
Oryza sativa · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →mannitol · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.