Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of Kale leaves, as well as to quantify the levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids present in its aqueous extract, and the viability when added to a fermented milk drink. The leaves were subjected to four treatments: fresh crushed in a blender, fresh sprayed with liquid nitrogen, dried in an oven at 45°C for 72 hours and frozen. Antioxidant activity, concentration of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antimicrobial activity were determined. To prepare the dairy drink, the amounts of 5%, 10% and 15% of the dry extract of Kale leaves were added, as well as 15% of the dry extract with sorbate and the control treatment. Furthermore, it determined the antioxidant activity and the number of lactic acid bacteria in the drink. The dried and frozen leaves showed better antioxidant activity and, when compared to fresh powdered leaves, they did not differ in phenolic compounds, presenting the best contents. Fresh powdered leaves showed the highest flavonoid yield. The aqueous extracts of kale leaves did not show antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms. The abstract did not show antioxidant capacity contents of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids in kale subjected to different treatments.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Dried and frozen kale leaves showed better antioxidant activity.
- Taxon
- kale
Brassica oleracea var. viridist0 - Treatment
- dried and frozene1
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye1
- Direction
- bettere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of aqueous extract of kale”
e1“The dried and frozen leaves showed better antioxidant activity and, when compared to fresh powdered leaves, they did not differ in phenolic compounds, presenting the best contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Dried and frozen kale leaves did not differ from fresh powdered leaves in phenolic compounds.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- dried and frozene1
- Outcome
- phenolic compoundse1
- Direction
- did not differe1
- Comparator
- fresh powdered leavese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of aqueous extract of kale”
e1“The dried and frozen leaves showed better antioxidant activity and, when compared to fresh powdered leaves, they did not differ in phenolic compounds, presenting the best contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Dried and frozen kale leaves presented the best phenolic compound contents.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- dried and frozene1
- Outcome
- contentse1
- Direction
- beste1
- Qualifier
- phenolic compoundse1
- Comparator
- fresh powdered leavese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of aqueous extract of kale”
e1“The dried and frozen leaves showed better antioxidant activity and, when compared to fresh powdered leaves, they did not differ in phenolic compounds, presenting the best contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh powdered kale leaves showed the highest flavonoid yield.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridist0
- Treatment
- Fresh powdered leavese2
- Outcome
- flavonoid yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of aqueous extract of kale”
e2“Fresh powdered leaves showed the highest flavonoid yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts of kale leaves did not show antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise3
- Treatment
- aqueous extractse3
- Outcome
- antibacterial activitye3
- Direction
- did not showe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The aqueous extracts of kale leaves did not show antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms”
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