Abstract
This study aims to control Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina by using biocontrol agents and ecofriendly compounds. The results indicated that all tested plant water extracts reduced the linear growth and sporulation of Macrophomina Phaseolina both under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Complete growth inhibition (100%) was observed in Macrophomina Phaseolina when cactus or clove extracts were applied at all tested concentrations (5, 10 and 15%). The best effective plant extract in reducing sclerotia population was nigella followed by clove. They resulted 40.0 and 34.2% reduction of sclerotia population respectively, compared to control. Also, the application of essential oils to soil previously infested with the pathogen at different tested concentrations (5, 10, and 15) significantly reduced disease incidence and sclerotia population of Macrophomina Phaseolina. The best results were obtained when mint oil was applied; followed by cloveoil. Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma koningii were the best tested Trichoderma spp. isolates in reducing the incidence and severity of disease Macrophomina phaseolina. All the above-mentioned treatments reduced the charcoal rot incidence and improved the growth of tomato plants; significantly under green house and artificial soil infestation conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Plant water extracts reduced linear growth and sporulation of Macrophomina phaseolina in tomato charcoal rot under laboratory and greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- plant water extractse1
- Interactor
- Macrophomina Phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae1pathogen - Outcome
- linear growth and sporulatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- laboratory and greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e1“all tested plant water extracts reduced the linear growth and sporulation of Macrophomina Phaseolina both under laboratory and greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Cactus or clove extracts at 5, 10 and 15% gave complete growth inhibition of Macrophomina phaseolina in tomato charcoal rot.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- cactus or clove extractse2
- Interactor
- Macrophomina PhaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae2pathogen
- Outcome
- growth inhibitione2
- Direction
- Completee2
- Value
- 100%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e2“Complete growth inhibition (100%) was observed in Macrophomina Phaseolina when cactus or clove extracts were applied at all tested concentrations (5, 10 and 15%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nigella extract gave the largest reduction in sclerotia population of Macrophomina phaseolina in tomato, 40.0%, compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- nigellae3
- Outcome
- sclerotia populatione3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- 40.0e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e3“The best effective plant extract in reducing sclerotia population was nigella followed by clove. They resulted 40.0 and 34.2% reduction of sclerotia population respectively, compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Clove extract reduced sclerotia population of Macrophomina phaseolina in tomato by 34.2%, compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- clovee3
- Outcome
- sclerotia populatione3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- 34.2e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e3“The best effective plant extract in reducing sclerotia population was nigella followed by clove. They resulted 40.0 and 34.2% reduction of sclerotia population respectively, compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils applied to infested soil significantly reduced disease incidence and sclerotia population of Macrophomina phaseolina in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- essential oilse4
- Interactor
- Macrophomina PhaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae4pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidence and sclerotia populatione4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Qualifier
- (5, 10, and 15)e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e4“the application of essential oils to soil previously infested with the pathogen at different tested concentrations (5, 10, and 15) significantly reduced disease incidence and sclerotia population of Macrophomina Phaseolina”
Claim · model-written summary
Mint oil gave the best results in controlling Macrophomina phaseolina in tomato, followed by clove oil.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- mint oile5
- Outcome
- best resultse5
- Direction
- beste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e5“The best results were obtained when mint oil was applied; followed by cloveoil”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma koningii were the best Trichoderma isolates in reducing the incidence and severity of Macrophomina phaseolina disease in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma koningiie6
- Interactor
- Macrophomina phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae6pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma koningiiTrichoderma koningii
Trichoderma asperellume6biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- incidence and severity of diseasee6
- Direction
- reducinge6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e6“Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma koningii were the best tested Trichoderma spp. isolates in reducing the incidence and severity of disease Macrophomina phaseolina”
Claim · model-written summary
The above-mentioned treatments significantly reduced charcoal rot incidence in tomato under greenhouse and artificial soil infestation conditions.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- above-mentioned treatmentse7
- Interactor
- Macrophomina phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Outcome
- charcoal rot incidencee7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Setting
- green house and artificial soil infestation conditionse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e7“All the above-mentioned treatments reduced the charcoal rot incidence and improved the growth of tomato plants; significantly under green house and artificial soil infestation conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The above-mentioned treatments significantly improved growth of tomato plants under greenhouse and artificial soil infestation conditions.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- above-mentioned treatmentse7
- Outcome
- growth of tomato plantse7
- Direction
- improvede7
- Setting
- green house and artificial soil infestation conditionse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Charcoal root rot disease of tomato caused by Macrophomina phaseolina”
e7“All the above-mentioned treatments reduced the charcoal rot incidence and improved the growth of tomato plants; significantly under green house and artificial soil infestation conditions”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.