Abstract
A vigorous root system in barley promotes water uptake from the soil under water-limited conditions. We investigated three spring barley genotypes with varying water stress responses using rhizoboxes at the seedling stage. The genotypes comprised two elite German cultivars, Barke and Scarlett, and a near-isogenic line, NIL 143. The isogenic line harbors the wild allele pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1-P5cs1. Root growth in rhizoboxes under reduced water availability conditions caused a significant reduction in total root length, rooting depth, root maximum width, and root length density. On average, root growth was reduced by more than 20% due to water stress. Differences in organ proline concentrations were observed for all genotypes, with shoots grown under water stress exhibiting at least a 30% higher concentration than the roots. Drought induced higher leaf and root proline concentrations in NIL 143 compared with any of the other genotypes. Under reduced water availability conditions, NIL 143 showed less severe symptoms of drought, higher lateral root length, rooting depth, maximum root width, root length density, and convex hull area compared with Barke and Scarlett. Within the same comparison, under water stress, NIL 143 had a higher proportion of lateral roots (+30%), which were also placed at deeper substrate horizons. NIL 143 had a less negative plant water potential and higher relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance compared with the other genotypes under water stress. Under these conditions, this genotype also maintained an enhanced net photosynthetic rate and exhibited considerable fine root growth (diameter class 0.05–0.35 mm). These results show that water stress induces increased shoot and root proline accumulation in the NIL 143 barley genotype at the seedling stage and that this effect is associated with increased lateral root growth.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced water availability significantly reduced barley total root length, rooting depth, maximum width, and root length density.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- reduced water availability conditionse0
- Outcome
- total root length, rooting depth, root maximum width, and root length densitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Root growth in rhizoboxes under reduced water availability conditions caused a significant reduction in total root length, rooting depth, root maximum width, and root length density.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress reduced average barley root growth by more than 20%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- more than 20%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“On average, root growth was reduced by more than 20% due to water stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water stress, shoot proline concentration was at least 30% higher than root concentration across genotypes.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- proline concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- at least a 30%e0
- Comparator
- rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Differences in organ proline concentrations were observed for all genotypes, with shoots grown under water stress exhibiting at least a 30% higher concentration than the roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought raised leaf and root proline concentrations in NIL 143 above the other genotypes.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- leaf and root proline concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- any of the other genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Drought induced higher leaf and root proline concentrations in NIL 143 compared with any of the other genotypes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under reduced water availability, NIL 143 had less severe drought symptoms than Barke and Scarlett.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Outcome
- symptoms of droughte0
- Direction
- less severee0
- Comparator
- Barke and Scarlette0
- Setting
- reduced water availability conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Under reduced water availability conditions, NIL 143 showed less severe symptoms of drought, higher lateral root length, rooting depth, maximum root width, root length density, and convex hull area compared with Barke and Scarlett.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under reduced water availability, NIL 143 had greater lateral root length, rooting depth, maximum root width, root length density, and convex hull area than Barke and Scarlett.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Outcome
- lateral root length, rooting depth, maximum root width, root length density, and convex hull areae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Barke and Scarlette0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Under reduced water availability conditions, NIL 143 showed less severe symptoms of drought, higher lateral root length, rooting depth, maximum root width, root length density, and convex hull area compared with Barke and Scarlett.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water stress, NIL 143 had a 30% higher proportion of lateral roots than the other genotypes.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- proportion of lateral rootse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- +30%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Within the same comparison, under water stress, NIL 143 had a higher proportion of lateral roots (+30%), which were also placed at deeper substrate horizons.”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL 143 lateral roots occupied deeper substrate horizons under water stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Outcome
- lateral rootse0
- Direction
- deepere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Within the same comparison, under water stress, NIL 143 had a higher proportion of lateral roots (+30%), which were also placed at deeper substrate horizons.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water stress, NIL 143 had less negative water potential and higher relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance than the other genotypes.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Outcome
- plant water potential and higher relative leaf water content and stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- the other genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“NIL 143 had a less negative plant water potential and higher relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance compared with the other genotypes under water stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL 143 maintained an enhanced net photosynthetic rate under water stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- NIL 143e1
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Under these conditions, this genotype also maintained an enhanced net photosynthetic rate and exhibited considerable fine root growth (diameter class 0.05–0.35 mm).”
e1“Drought induced higher leaf and root proline concentrations in NIL 143 compared with any of the other genotypes.”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL 143 exhibited fine root growth in the 0.05–0.35 mm diameter class under water stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- fine root growthe0
- Value
- 0.05–0.35 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“Under these conditions, this genotype also maintained an enhanced net photosynthetic rate and exhibited considerable fine root growth (diameter class 0.05–0.35 mm).”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and root proline accumulation in water-stressed NIL 143 was associated with lateral root growth.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- NIL 143e0
- Organ / stage
- seedling stagee0
- Compound
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- lateral root growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e0“water stress induces increased shoot and root proline accumulation in the NIL 143 barley genotype at the seedling stage and that this effect is associated with increased lateral root growth.”
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