Abstract
Changes in the types and contents of metabolites in plants can occur in response to environmental stress. In this study, pumpkin seeds were cultivated in a cadmium ion solution (cadmium sulfate) for 7 days, and growth parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and metabolites in the root, stem, and leaf were analyzed. The results showed that cadmium accumulation characteristics were in the order of root > stem > leaf. Cadmium restrained root growth and promoted superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase activities in the root, but inhibited their activities in the leaf. Cadmium did not change the total biomass of pumpkin seedlings. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) analyses were conducted to detect the relationships between fresh weight and metabolites. These analyses revealed that maltose had significantly positive relationships with the fresh weight of the root, stem, and leaf. Cadmium influenced glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, butanoate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism in the root; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in the stem; and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, galactose metabolism, cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis in the leaf. It is important that cadmium inhibited root growth by inhibiting carbohydrate transport from the leaf to the root and promoted leaf growth by the accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaf. Furthermore, cadmium also restrained amino acid metabolism in the root of pumpkin seedlings. These results provide new information about how pumpkin seedlings respond to cadmium stress.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium accumulation ranked root above stem above leaf.
Verbatim
e0“cadmium accumulation characteristics were in the order of root > stem > leaf.”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium restrained root growth.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium restrained root growth”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium promoted root antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- Cadmiume0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase activities in the roote0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium restrained root growth and promoted superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase activities in the root, but inhibited their activities in the leaf.”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium inhibited leaf antioxidant enzyme activities.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium restrained root growth and promoted superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase activities in the root, but inhibited their activities in the leaf.”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium did not change total biomass.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium did not change the total biomass of pumpkin seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maltose was positively associated with root, stem and leaf fresh weight.
Verbatim
e0“maltose had significantly positive relationships with the fresh weight of the root, stem, and leaf.”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium influenced several root metabolic pathways.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- Cadmiume0
- Outcome
- glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, butanoate metabolisme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium influenced glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, butanoate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism in the root;”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium influenced additional amino acid and glutathione pathways in roots.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- Cadmiume0
- Outcome
- alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolisme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium influenced glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, butanoate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism in the root;”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium influenced glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in stems.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium influenced glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, butanoate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism in the root; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in the stem;”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium influenced leaf lipid and galactose pathways.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, galactose metabolism, cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis in the leafe0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, galactose metabolism, cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis in the leaf.”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attributed cadmium-inhibited root growth to inhibited carbohydrate transport.
Verbatim
e0“cadmium inhibited root growth by inhibiting carbohydrate transport from the leaf to the root”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attributed cadmium-promoted leaf growth to carbohydrate accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“promoted leaf growth by the accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaf.”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium restrained amino acid metabolism in roots.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“cadmium also restrained amino acid metabolism in the root of pumpkin seedlings.”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · growth · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →cadmium atom · molecular: metabolites · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.