Abstract
Abstract Intercropping can improve yield and nitrogen use efficiency in organic vegetable production by pairing crops with complementary resource use. An intercrop field experiment was conducted to determine yield, root growth and nitrogen (N) dynamics using faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) grown as a vegetable and pointed cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata cv. conica). Both crops were grown in monocropping (MC) and intercropping systems (IC). Minirhizotrons were used to measure root growth. Yield of pointed cabbage per metre row was 28% higher under the IC system than under MC, whereas faba bean yield as fresh seeds did not differ. The land equivalent ratio was 1.06, showing that improved yield under IC resulted from efficient land resource use. Even though MC cabbage had the highest aboveground biomass, total N accumulation was higher under IC and MC faba bean systems. Both root frequency and intensity were greater under IC faba bean rows compared with MC faba bean because of the presence of cabbage roots in faba bean rows. Monocropped cabbage had the highest root intensity and the lowest amount of soil mineral N in the 0–1.5 m depth after harvest. Monocropped cabbage was efficient in assimilating N, whereas MC faba bean was efficient in exporting N as harvestable yield. The nitrogen use efficiency using the IC system (75%) was higher than growing faba bean (44%) and cabbage (65%) alone. Thus, faba bean as an intercrop in organic cabbage production systems improves land and N use efficiency by complementary root growth.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping raised pointed cabbage yield per metre row by 28% versus monocropping.
Verbatim
e0“Yield of pointed cabbage per metre row was 28% higher under the IC system than under MC”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean fresh seed yield did not differ between cropping systems.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabae0 - Treatment
- intercroppedt0
- Outcome
- yield as fresh seedse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas faba bean yield as fresh seeds did not differ”
t0“intercropped faba bean and cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
The intercropping land equivalent ratio was 1.06.
- Taxon
- faba bean and cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitataVicia fabat0 - Outcome
- land equivalent ratioe0
- Value
- 1.06e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The land equivalent ratio was 1.06”
t0“faba bean and cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped cabbage had the highest aboveground biomass.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MC cabbage had the highest aboveground biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nitrogen accumulation was higher in intercropping and monocropped faba bean systems.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Outcome
- total N accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total N accumulation was higher under IC and MC faba bean systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean rows under intercropping had greater root frequency and intensity than monocropped faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- IC faba bean rowse0
- Outcome
- root frequency and intensitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- MC faba beane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both root frequency and intensity were greater under IC faba bean rows compared with MC faba bean because of the presence of cabbage roots in faba bean rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped cabbage had the highest root intensity.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Outcome
- root intensitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Monocropped cabbage had the highest root intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped cabbage left the lowest soil mineral nitrogen in the 0–1.5 m layer after harvest.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
- Outcome
- soil mineral Ne0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- 0–1.5 m depth after harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest amount of soil mineral N in the 0–1.5 m depth after harvest”
t0“cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped cabbage efficiently assimilated nitrogen.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Outcome
- assimilating Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Monocropped cabbage was efficient in assimilating N”
Claim · model-written summary
Monocropped faba bean efficiently exported nitrogen in harvestable yield.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Outcome
- exporting N as harvestable yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MC faba bean was efficient in exporting N as harvestable yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping nitrogen use efficiency was 75%, exceeding faba bean alone at 44%.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- IC systeme0
- Outcome
- nitrogen use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 75%e0
- Qualifier
- 44%e0
- Comparator
- growing faba beane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen use efficiency using the IC system (75%) was higher than growing faba bean (44%) and cabbage (65%) alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping nitrogen use efficiency was 75%, exceeding cabbage alone at 65%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- IC systeme0
- Outcome
- nitrogen use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 75%e0
- Qualifier
- 65%e0
- Comparator
- cabbagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen use efficiency using the IC system (75%) was higher than growing faba bean (44%) and cabbage (65%) alone”
The same questions in other papers
intercropping · yield · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
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See all 73 papers →intercropping · nutrient: efficiency · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
intercropping · nutrient: efficiency · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.