Abstract
Effects of silicon application on development of colonies of Sphaerotheca fuliginea were examined. Cucumber plants were applied with nutrient solutions amended with different concentrations of soluble silicon and selected leaves were inoculated with known concentrations of conidia of the pathogen. Colony number per leaf, colony area per leaf, and germination rate of conidia of S. fuliginea collected from the inoculated leaves were reduced as silicate concentrations in the nutrient solutions increased from 0.05 to 4.10 mM. The increase in resistance of plants to mildew infection was apparently due to silicate accumulation in leaves, and there was no correlation between cation or ionic strength effects and the silicate treatments. Silicate treatment in growth medium remarkably suppressed powdery mildew development on cucumber. Colonies of mildew fungus were visible with over approx. 38.3% of the mature leaf surface, while that of the leaves in high Si plants was 2.3% observed at 51 days after transplanting. No significant differences were observed between 1.7 mM and 3.4mM silicate treatments. Conidial germination rates were significantly reduced by increasing Si amendments. Conidial germination ranged from 14.7 to 20.3% for plants grown in low Si solution(1.8 mM). Foliar applications of Si with 17.0 mM decreased the number of powdery mildew colonies. Persistence of Si foliar sprays effects on cucumber demonstrated that the 17 mM Si spray applied 4 days before inoculation with S. fuliginea reduced mildew colony formation. The relationship was positive and linear.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing silicate concentration reduced mildew colony number per cucumber leaf.
- Taxon
- Cucumber plants
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- soluble silicone0
- Interactor
- S. fuliginea
Podosphaera fuligineae1pathogen - Outcome
- Colony number per leafe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 0.05 to 4.10 mMe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber plants were applied with nutrient solutions amended with different concentrations of soluble silicon”
e1“Colony number per leaf, colony area per leaf, and germination rate of conidia of S. fuliginea collected from the inoculated leaves were reduced as silicate concentrations in the nutrient solutions increased from 0.05 to 4.10 mM.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing silicate concentration reduced mildew colony area per cucumber leaf.
- Taxon
- Cucumber plantsCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- soluble silicone0
- Interactor
- S. fuligineaPodosphaera fuligineae1pathogen
- Outcome
- colony area per leafe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber plants were applied with nutrient solutions amended with different concentrations of soluble silicon”
e1“Colony number per leaf, colony area per leaf, and germination rate of conidia of S. fuliginea collected from the inoculated leaves were reduced as silicate concentrations in the nutrient solutions increased from 0.05 to 4.10 mM.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing silicate concentration reduced germination of S. fuliginea conidia from inoculated cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- Cucumber plantsCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- soluble silicone0
- Interactor
- S. fuligineaPodosphaera fuligineae1pathogen
- Outcome
- germination rate of conidia of S. fuligineae1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber plants were applied with nutrient solutions amended with different concentrations of soluble silicon”
e1“germination rate of conidia of S. fuliginea collected from the inoculated leaves were reduced as silicate concentrations in the nutrient solutions increased from 0.05 to 4.10 mM.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed increased mildew resistance to silicate accumulation in cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Compound
- silicatee0
- Outcome
- increase in resistance of plants to mildew infectione0
- Qualifier
- apparentlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in resistance of plants to mildew infection was apparently due to silicate accumulation in leaves”
t0“cucumber plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cation or ionic strength effects were not correlated with silicate treatments.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- silicate treatmentse0
- Outcome
- cation or ionic strength effectse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no correlation between cation or ionic strength effects and the silicate treatments”
t0“cucumber plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicate in growth medium suppressed cucumber powdery mildew development.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Silicate treatment in growth mediume0
- Outcome
- powdery mildew developmente0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silicate treatment in growth medium remarkably suppressed powdery mildew development on cucumber.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mildew covered about 38.3% of mature leaf surface, compared with 2.3% on high-silicon cucumber leaves at 51 days after transplanting.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- high Si plantse0
- Outcome
- Colonies of mildew funguse0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 2.3%e0
- Qualifier
- over approx. 38.3%e0
- Comparator
- mature leaf surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colonies of mildew fungus were visible with over approx. 38.3% of the mature leaf surface, while that of the leaves in high Si plants was 2.3% observed at 51 days after transplanting.”
t0“cucumber plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.7 and 3.4 mM silicate treatments did not differ significantly.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 1.7 mMe0
- Outcome
- No significant differencese0
- Comparator
- 3.4mM silicate treatmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant differences were observed between 1.7 mM and 3.4mM silicate treatments.”
t0“cucumber plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Conidial germination ranged from 14.7 to 20.3% under low-silicon solution.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- low Si solution(1.8 mM)e0
- Interactor
- Sphaerotheca fuligineaPodosphaera fuligineat1pathogen
- Outcome
- Conidial germinatione0
- Value
- 14.7 to 20.3%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conidial germination ranged from 14.7 to 20.3% for plants grown in low Si solution(1.8 mM).”
t0“cucumber plants”
t1“Sphaerotheca fuliginea”
Claim · model-written summary
A 17.0 mM foliar silicon application decreased powdery mildew colony number.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of Si with 17.0 mMe0
- Outcome
- number of powdery mildew coloniese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of Si with 17.0 mM decreased the number of powdery mildew colonies.”
t0“cucumber plants”
Claim · model-written summary
A 17 mM silicon spray four days before inoculation reduced mildew colony formation.
- Taxon
- cucumber plantsCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 17 mM Si spray applied 4 days before inoculation with S. fuligineae0
- Interactor
- S. fuligineaPodosphaera fuligineae0pathogen
- Outcome
- mildew colony formatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 17 mM Si spray applied 4 days before inoculation with S. fuliginea reduced mildew colony formation”
t0“cucumber plants”
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