Abstract
Classical mutation breeding using physical factors is a common breeding method for ornamental crops. The aim of our study was to examine the utility of ovaries excised from irradiated inflorescences of Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) as explants for breeding purposes. We studied the in vitro regeneration capacity of the ovaries of two chrysanthemum cultivars: ‘Profesor Jerzy’ and ‘Karolina’ preceded by irradiation with high-energy photons (total dose 5, 10 and 15 Gy) and high-energy electrons (total dose 10 Gy). Growth and inflorescence parameters of greenhouse acclimatized regenerants were recorded, and ploidy level was estimated with flow cytometry. The strong impact of genotype on regeneration efficiency was recorded—cultivar ‘Karolina’ produced only 7 viable shoots, while ‘Profesor Jerzy’ produced totally 428 shoots. With an increase of irradiation dose, the regeneration decreased, the least responsive were explants irradiated with 15 Gy high-energy photons and 10 Gy high-energy electrons. Regenerants of ‘Profesor Jerzy’ obtained from these explants possessed shorter stem and flowered later. The highest number of stable, color and shape inflorescence variations were obtained from explants treated with 10 Gy high-energy photons. Variations of inflorescences were predominantly changes of shape—from full to semi-full. New color phenotypes were dark yellow, light yellow and pinkish, among them only the dark yellow phenotype remained stable during second year cultivation. None of the regenerants were haploid. The application of ovaries irradiated within the whole inflorescence of chrysanthemum can be successfully applied in the breeding programs, provided the mother cultivar regenerate in vitro efficiently.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Karolina produced 7 viable shoots, much fewer than Profesor Jerzy.
- Taxon
- Chrysanthemum
.jpeg?width=60)
Chrysanthemumt0 - Material
- ‘Karolina’e0
- Outcome
- viable shootse0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 7e0
- Comparator
- ‘Profesor Jerzy’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpeg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“cultivar ‘Karolina’ produced only 7 viable shoots, while ‘Profesor Jerzy’ produced totally 428 shoots.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Profesor Jerzy produced 428 shoots.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Material
- ‘Profesor Jerzy’e0
- Outcome
- shootse0
- Direction
- totallye0
- Value
- 428e0
- Comparator
- ‘Karolina’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar ‘Karolina’ produced only 7 viable shoots, while ‘Profesor Jerzy’ produced totally 428 shoots.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Regeneration decreased as irradiation dose increased.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Treatment
- irradiation dosee0
- Outcome
- regeneratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With an increase of irradiation dose, the regeneration decreased”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
The 15 Gy photon treatment gave the least responsive explants.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Treatment
- 15 Gy high-energy photonse0
- Outcome
- responsivee0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the least responsive were explants irradiated with 15 Gy high-energy photons and 10 Gy high-energy electrons.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 Gy electron treatment gave the least responsive explants.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Treatment
- 10 Gy high-energy electronse0
- Outcome
- responsivee0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the least responsive were explants irradiated with 15 Gy high-energy photons and 10 Gy high-energy electrons.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Regenerants of Profesor Jerzy from these explants had shorter stems.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Material
- ‘Profesor Jerzy’e0
- Treatment
- these explantse0
- Outcome
- steme0
- Direction
- shortere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regenerants of ‘Profesor Jerzy’ obtained from these explants possessed shorter stem and flowered later.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Regenerants of Profesor Jerzy from these explants flowered later.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Material
- ‘Profesor Jerzy’e0
- Treatment
- these explantse0
- Outcome
- flowerede0
- Direction
- latere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regenerants of ‘Profesor Jerzy’ obtained from these explants possessed shorter stem and flowered later.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 Gy photon treatment produced the highest number of stable inflorescence color and shape variants.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Treatment
- 10 Gy high-energy photonse0
- Outcome
- stable, color and shape inflorescence variationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of stable, color and shape inflorescence variations were obtained from explants treated with 10 Gy high-energy photons.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence shape variants were predominantly full to semi-full changes.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Organ / stage
- inflorescencese0
- Outcome
- changes of shape—from full to semi-fulle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variations of inflorescences were predominantly changes of shape—from full to semi-full.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
New flower color phenotypes included dark yellow, light yellow and pinkish.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Outcome
- color phenotypese0
- Qualifier
- dark yellow, light yellow and pinkishe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“New color phenotypes were dark yellow, light yellow and pinkish”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Only dark yellow remained stable in the second year.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Outcome
- dark yellow phenotype remained stablee0
- Qualifier
- second year cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only the dark yellow phenotype remained stable during second year cultivation.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
No regenerants were haploid.
- Taxon
- ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Outcome
- regenerants were haploide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the regenerants were haploid.”
t0“Chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiated chrysanthemum ovaries can be used in breeding if the parent cultivar regenerates efficiently in vitro.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
- Outcome
- application of ovaries irradiated within the whole inflorescence of chrysanthemum can be successfully applied in the breeding programse0
- Qualifier
- provided the mother cultivar regenerate in vitro efficientlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ovaries irradiated within the whole inflorescence of chrysanthemum can be successfully applied in the breeding programs, provided the mother cultivar regenerate in vitro efficiently.”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · growth · ChrysanthemumPositive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.