Paper · 2021

Maize yield improvement by optimal rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer application in Southwest Ethiopia

Haile Negash; Wondosen Wondimu; Abdisa Abraham; et al.

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
6
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a highly valued crop in the national diet of Ethiopia, in general and southwest Ethiopia in particular. However, its productivity is constrained by low plant-available soil nitrogen due to depleting soil organic matter content and high leaching losses of mineralized nitrogen during the growing seasons. This problem is compounded by low rates and ill-timing of nitrogen fertilizer applications in the country. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out during the 2017 main cropping season in Yeki, Menit Goldia and Adiyokaka districts on a farmer’s field in southwest Ethiopia with the objectives to evaluate the effects of time and rate of nitrogen application on yield and yield components of maize. The treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen rates, i.e. 23, 46 and 69 N kg ha-1 and five levels of nitrogen application timing, i.e. 1/2 at planting+1/2 at knee height, 1/3 at planting+1/3 at knee height+1/3 at near tasseling, 1/3 at planting+2/3 at knee height, 1/4 at planting+2/4 at knee height+1/4 at tasseling and 1/4 at planting+1/4 at knee height+2/4 at near tasseling time of nitrogen application and unfertilized plot as an absolute control treatment were arranged in factorial combinations. Cob number per plants did not respond to the rates, time of N fertilizer application and their interactions. Days to tasseling, slicking and physiological maturity were delayed as the rate of nitrogen fertilizer was increased. The highest biomass yield, grain yield, straw yield, total nitrogen uptake, apparent nitrogen recovery, and agronomic efficiency were recorded at 46 kg N ha-1 applied 1/4 dose at sowing, 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stage. Most of the parameters including the grain and straw yields exhibited maximum performance under this N treatment level. Thus, application of N fertilizer at a rate of 46 kg ha-1 by splitting the dose into three and applying 1/4 dose at sowing 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stage of the maize crop can be recommended for the study areas and similar agro ecologies.

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cob number per plant did not respond to nitrogen rate, timing, or their interaction.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
rates, time of N fertilizer application and their interactionse0
Outcome
Cob number per plantse0
Direction
did not responde0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Cob number per plants did not respond to the rates, time of N fertilizer application and their interactions.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1240–1348 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–5 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing nitrogen rate delayed tasseling, slicking, and physiological maturity.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
rate of nitrogen fertilizere0
Outcome
Days to tasseling, slicking and physiological maturitye0
Direction
delayede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Days to tasseling, slicking and physiological maturity were delayed as the rate of nitrogen fertilizer was increased.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1349–1466 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–5 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The specified 46 kg N ha-1 split treatment produced the highest biomass yield, grain yield, and straw yield.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
46 kg N ha-1 applied 1/4 dose at sowing, 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stagee0
Outcome
biomass yield, grain yield, straw yielde0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest biomass yield, grain yield, straw yield, total nitrogen uptake, apparent nitrogen recovery, and agronomic efficiency were recorded at 46 kg N ha-1 applied 1/4 dose at sowing, 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1467–1723 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–5 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The specified split nitrogen treatment produced the highest total nitrogen uptake, apparent nitrogen recovery, and agronomic efficiency.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
46 kg N ha-1 applied 1/4 dose at sowing, 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stagee0
Outcome
total nitrogen uptake, apparent nitrogen recovery, and agronomic efficiencye0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest biomass yield, grain yield, straw yield, total nitrogen uptake, apparent nitrogen recovery, and agronomic efficiency were recorded at 46 kg N ha-1 applied 1/4 dose at sowing, 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1467–1723 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–5 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend 46 kg ha-1 nitrogen split among sowing, knee height, and tasseling for the study areas and similar agroecologies.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Outcome
application of N fertilizer at a rate of 46 kg ha-1 by splitting the dose into three and applying 1/4 dose at sowing 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stagee0
Setting
study areas and similar agro ecologiese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“application of N fertilizer at a rate of 46 kg ha-1 by splitting the dose into three and applying 1/4 dose at sowing 2/4 dose at knee height growth stage and 1/4 dose at tasseling stage of the maize crop can be recommended for the study areas and similar agro ecologies.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1850–2120 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–5 · show in text ↑

stage · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

98 papers: 41 positive, 57 negative or no effect

40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 55 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

94 papers more in this group

See all 98 papers →

nitrogen · nutrient: efficiency · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

194 papers: 142 positive, 52 negative or no effect

141 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

190 papers more in this group

See all 194 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

2,185 papers: 1,906 positive, 279 negative or no effect

1,905 papers in the same direction as this paper · 234 in the opposite direction · 45 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

2,181 papers more in this group

See all 2,185 papers →

fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3,908 papers: 3,485 positive, 423 negative or no effect

422 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3,485 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3,904 papers more in this group

See all 3,908 papers →

stage · nutrient: efficiency · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.