Abstract
Adequate regulation of mineral nutrients might be effective to ameliorate the deleterious effects of salts and help to sustain crop productivity, particularly in glycophytes, under salt stress. In this study, laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre in East Azerbaijan, Iran, to investigate the interactive effects of silicon and potassium nitrate in alleviating NaCl induced injuries in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.). In the laboratory experiment, three winter wheat cultivars Pishgam, Afagh and Alvand were grown on sterile filter paper moistened with 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mmol L-1 NaCl solution. Results revealed that wheat cultivars were significantly different in their growth response to different concentrations of NaCl and Pishgam was found to be the most tolerant to NaCl stress, and used in the second part of study. In the greenhouse experiment, Pishgam was grown in a hydroponic system subjected to different NaCl levels(20, 60 and 100 mmol L-1) and treated by silicon(0, 2 and 4 mmol L-1, final concentration in nutrient solution using K2SiO3) and potassium nitrate(0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mmol L-1, foliar application). The experimental design was factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. It was found that NaCl stress significantly increased proline accumulation and sodium content in the plant tissues while decreased potassium uptake and accumulation by plants. Moreover, plant weight, 100-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis were also significantly affected by varying levels of NaCl. However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate. This study suggested that utilization of the salt-tolerant cultivar(Pishgam) combined with proper foliar application of potassium nitrate(2 mmol L-1) and silicon(4 mmol L-1) at the wheat booting
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat cultivars differed significantly in growth response to NaCl concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- different concentrations of NaCle0
- Outcome
- growth responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that wheat cultivars were significantly different in their growth response to different concentrations of NaCl and Pishgam was found to be the most tolerant to NaCl stress”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pishgam was the most tolerant cultivar to NaCl stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Pishgame0
- Outcome
- most tolerant to NaCl stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that wheat cultivars were significantly different in their growth response to different concentrations of NaCl and Pishgam was found to be the most tolerant to NaCl stress”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress increased proline accumulation in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was found that NaCl stress significantly increased proline accumulation and sodium content in the plant tissues while decreased potassium uptake and accumulation by plants.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress increased sodium content in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- sodium contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was found that NaCl stress significantly increased proline accumulation and sodium content in the plant tissues while decreased potassium uptake and accumulation by plants.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress decreased potassium uptake and accumulation in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- potassium uptake and accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was found that NaCl stress significantly increased proline accumulation and sodium content in the plant tissues while decreased potassium uptake and accumulation by plants.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Varying NaCl levels significantly affected wheat plant weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- varying levels of NaCle0
- Outcome
- plant weighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, plant weight, 100-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis were also significantly affected by varying levels of NaCl.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Varying NaCl levels significantly affected wheat 100-seed weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- varying levels of NaCle0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, plant weight, 100-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis were also significantly affected by varying levels of NaCl.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Varying NaCl levels significantly affected wheat relative water content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- varying levels of NaCle0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, plant weight, 100-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis were also significantly affected by varying levels of NaCl.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Varying NaCl levels significantly affected wheat chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- varying levels of NaCle0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, plant weight, 100-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis were also significantly affected by varying levels of NaCl.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Varying NaCl levels significantly affected wheat photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- varying levels of NaCle0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, plant weight, 100-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis were also significantly affected by varying levels of NaCl.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application reduced wheat sodium uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- sodium uptakee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application increased wheat potassium.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application improved wheat plant weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- plant weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application improved wheat 100-seed weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application improved wheat seed yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application improved wheat ear length.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- ear lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and potassium nitrate application improved wheat photosynthesis rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitratee0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis ratee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, exogenous application of silicon and potassium nitrate reduced sodium uptake, increased potassium and consequently improved plant weight, 100-seed weight, seed yield, ear length, and photosynthesis rate.”
e1“wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)”
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See all 25 papers →8 of 16 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.