Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of salicylic acid (SA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) priming in ameliorating salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture. Seeds of wheat were primed in distilled water (control), as well as different solutions of salicylic acid (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM) and/or H2O2 (1, 20 and 200 mM) for 24 h at 25°C. Seven-day-old seedlings were transferred to Hoagland nutrient solution. Experiments were undertaken in complete randomized block design using 4 independent replications. Salinity stress drastically affected the plants as indicated by decreased biomass of shoots (about 25%). However, H2O2 priming at 20 mM raised free radical scavenging activities of wheat leaf, as evaluated by decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These results indicated that H2O2 priming could prevent negative effects of salinity stress on the biomass and photosystem performance. While SA priming could not ameliorate the negative effect of salt on wheat seedlings, the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents had the most significant alleviating effect against NaCl stress. This ameliorative effect was achieved through stimulation of catalase activity (about 37%) and non-enzymatic (phenols) antioxidants (about 45%) and lowering tissue MDA contents. These results further confirm that the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents participated in the protection of membranes against the destabilizing effect of salt stress. Additionally, the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents mitigated the negative effects of salinity on the photochemical efficiency of PSII.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased shoot biomass by about 25%.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- Salinity stresse1
- Outcome
- biomass of shootse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- about 25%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e1“Salinity stress drastically affected the plants as indicated by decreased biomass of shoots (about 25%)”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 priming at 20 mM increased leaf free radical scavenging activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- H2O2 priming at 20 mMe2
- Outcome
- free radical scavenging activities of wheat leafe2
- Direction
- raisede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e2“H2O2 priming at 20 mM raised free radical scavenging activities of wheat leaf, as evaluated by decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 priming at 20 mM decreased leaf MDA levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- H2O2 priming at 20 mMe2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) levelse2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e2“H2O2 priming at 20 mM raised free radical scavenging activities of wheat leaf, as evaluated by decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 priming could prevent salinity-related biomass loss.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- H2O2 priminge3
- Outcome
- biomasse3
- Direction
- prevente3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e3“H2O2 priming could prevent negative effects of salinity stress on the biomass and photosystem performance”
e2“H2O2 priming at 20 mM raised free radical scavenging activities of wheat leaf, as evaluated by decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 priming could prevent salinity-related photosystem impairment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- H2O2 priminge3
- Outcome
- photosystem performancee3
- Direction
- prevente3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e3“H2O2 priming could prevent negative effects of salinity stress on the biomass and photosystem performance”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming did not ameliorate salt stress effects on seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- SA priminge4
- Outcome
- negative effect of salt on wheat seedlingse4
- Direction
- could not amelioratee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e4“SA priming could not ameliorate the negative effect of salt on wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined SA and H2O2 priming had the strongest stated alleviation of NaCl stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- both SA and H2O2 as priming agentse5
- Outcome
- alleviating effect against NaCl stresse5
- Direction
- most significante5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e5“the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents had the most significant alleviating effect against NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined priming stimulated catalase activity by about 37%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- both SA and H2O2 as priming agentse5
- Outcome
- catalase activitye6
- Direction
- stimulatione6
- Value
- about 37%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e5“the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents had the most significant alleviating effect against NaCl stress”
e6“stimulation of catalase activity (about 37%) and non-enzymatic (phenols) antioxidants (about 45%) and lowering tissue MDA contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined priming stimulated phenolic antioxidant activity by about 45%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- both SA and H2O2 as priming agentse5
- Outcome
- non-enzymatic (phenols) antioxidantse6
- Direction
- stimulatione6
- Value
- about 45%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e5“the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents had the most significant alleviating effect against NaCl stress”
e6“stimulation of catalase activity (about 37%) and non-enzymatic (phenols) antioxidants (about 45%) and lowering tissue MDA contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined priming lowered tissue MDA content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- both SA and H2O2 as priming agentse5
- Outcome
- tissue MDA contentse6
- Direction
- loweringe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e5“the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents had the most significant alleviating effect against NaCl stress”
e6“stimulation of catalase activity (about 37%) and non-enzymatic (phenols) antioxidants (about 45%) and lowering tissue MDA contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined priming mitigated the salinity effect on PSII photochemical efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mihane0
- Treatment
- both SA and H2O2 as priming agentse7
- Outcome
- photochemical efficiency of PSIIe7
- Direction
- mitigatede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Mihan) grown under hydroponic culture”
e5“the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents had the most significant alleviating effect against NaCl stress”
e7“the use of both SA and H2O2 as priming agents mitigated the negative effects of salinity on the photochemical efficiency of PSII”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.