Abstract
To properly understand cotton responses to potassium (K+) deficiency and how its shoot feedback regulates K+ uptake and root growth, we analyzed the changes in root transcriptome induced by low K+ (0.03 mM K+, lasting three days) in self-grafts of a K+ inefficient cotton variety (CCRI41/CCRI41, scion/rootstock) and its reciprocal grafts with a K+ efficient variety (SCRC22/CCRI41). Compared with CCRI41/CCRI41, the SCRC22 scion enhanced the K+ uptake and root growth of CCRI41 rootstock. A total of 1968 and 2539 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41 in response to K+ deficiency, respectively. The overlapped and similarly (both up- or both down-) regulated DEGs in the two grafts were considered the basic response to K+ deficiency in cotton roots, whereas the DEGs only found in SCRC22/CCRI41 (1954) and those oppositely (one up- and the other down-) regulated in the two grafts might be the key factors involved in the feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth. The expression level of four putative K+ transporter genes (three GhHAK5s and one GhKUP3) increased in both grafts under low K+, which could enable plants to cope with K+ deficiency. In addition, two ethylene response factors (ERFs), GhERF15 and GhESE3, both down-regulated in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41, may negatively regulate K+ uptake in cotton roots due to higher net K+ uptake rate in their virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) plants. In terms of feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth, several up-regulated DEGs related to Ca2+ binding and CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinases), one up-regulated GhKUP3 and several up-regulated GhNRT2.1s probably play important roles. In conclusion, these results provide a deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in basic response to low K+ stress in cotton roots and feedback regulation of K+ uptake, and present several low K+ tolerance-associated genes that need to be further identified and characterized.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
SCRC22 scions increased potassium uptake of CCRI41 rootstock relative to self-grafts.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Material
- SCRC22e1
- Treatment
- SCRC22 scione1
- Outcome
- K+ uptakee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- CCRI41/CCRI41e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton variety (CCRI41/CCRI41, scion/rootstock)”
e1“Compared with CCRI41/CCRI41, the SCRC22 scion enhanced the K+ uptake and root growth of CCRI41 rootstock.”
Claim · model-written summary
SCRC22 scions increased root growth of CCRI41 rootstock relative to self-grafts.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- SCRC22 scione1
- Outcome
- root growthe1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- CCRI41/CCRI41e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton variety (CCRI41/CCRI41, scion/rootstock)”
e1“Compared with CCRI41/CCRI41, the SCRC22 scion enhanced the K+ uptake and root growth of CCRI41 rootstock.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency elicited 1968 differentially expressed genes in CCRI41 self-graft roots.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- CCRI41/CCRI41e1
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Outcome
- differently expressed genes (DEGs)e1
- Value
- 1968e1
- Qualifier
- K+ deficiencye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton variety”
e1“A total of 1968 and 2539 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41 in response to K+ deficiency, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency elicited 2539 differentially expressed genes in SCRC22/CCRI41 roots.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- SCRC22/CCRI41e1
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Outcome
- differently expressed genes (DEGs)e1
- Value
- 2539e1
- Qualifier
- K+ deficiencye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton variety”
e1“A total of 1968 and 2539 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41 in response to K+ deficiency, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shared similarly regulated genes were interpreted as the basic cotton-root response to potassium deficiency.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Gene
- DEGse1
- Outcome
- basic response to K+ deficiencye1
- Qualifier
- overlapped and similarly (both up- or both down-) regulatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“The overlapped and similarly (both up- or both down-) regulated DEGs in the two grafts were considered the basic response to K+ deficiency in cotton roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1954 DEGs unique to SCRC22/CCRI41 were proposed as key factors in shoot feedback regulation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- SCRC22/CCRI41e1
- Gene
- DEGse1
- Outcome
- feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growthe1
- Value
- 1954e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“the DEGs only found in SCRC22/CCRI41 (1954) and those oppositely (one up- and the other down-) regulated in the two grafts might be the key factors involved in the feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Oppositely regulated genes in the grafts were proposed as key factors in shoot feedback regulation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growthe1
- Qualifier
- oppositely (one up- and the other down-) regulatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“those oppositely (one up- and the other down-) regulated in the two grafts might be the key factors involved in the feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Three GhHAK5 genes had increased expression in both grafts under low potassium.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- low K+e1
- Gene
- GhHAK5se1
- Outcome
- expression levele1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- three GhHAK5se1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“The expression level of four putative K+ transporter genes (three GhHAK5s and one GhKUP3) increased in both grafts under low K+”
Claim · model-written summary
GhKUP3 expression increased in both grafts under low potassium.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- low K+e1
- Gene
- GhKUP3e1
- Outcome
- expression levele1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“The expression level of four putative K+ transporter genes (three GhHAK5s and one GhKUP3) increased in both grafts under low K+”
Claim · model-written summary
GhERF15 was down-regulated in both grafts.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Gene
- GhERF15e1
- Outcome
- GhERF15e1
- Direction
- down-regulatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“GhERF15 and GhESE3, both down-regulated in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41”
Claim · model-written summary
GhESE3 was down-regulated in both grafts.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Gene
- GhESE3e1
- Outcome
- GhESE3e1
- Direction
- down-regulatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“GhERF15 and GhESE3, both down-regulated in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing GhERF15 increased net potassium uptake rate.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)e1
- Gene
- GhERF15e1
- Outcome
- net K+ uptake ratee1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“GhERF15 and GhESE3, both down-regulated in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41, may negatively regulate K+ uptake in cotton roots due to higher net K+ uptake rate in their virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing GhESE3 increased net potassium uptake rate.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)e1
- Gene
- GhESE3e1
- Outcome
- net K+ uptake ratee1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“GhERF15 and GhESE3, both down-regulated in the roots of CCRI41/CCRI41 and SCRC22/CCRI41, may negatively regulate K+ uptake in cotton roots due to higher net K+ uptake rate in their virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Up-regulated calcium-binding and CIPK genes were proposed to influence feedback regulation of potassium uptake and root growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Gene
- DEGs related to Ca2+ binding and CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinases)e1
- Outcome
- feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“In terms of feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth, several up-regulated DEGs related to Ca2+ binding and CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinases), one up-regulated GhKUP3 and several up-regulated GhNRT2.1s probably play important roles.”
Claim · model-written summary
Up-regulated GhKUP3 was proposed to influence feedback regulation of potassium uptake and root growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Gene
- GhKUP3e1
- Outcome
- feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“In terms of feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth, several up-regulated DEGs related to Ca2+ binding and CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinases), one up-regulated GhKUP3 and several up-regulated GhNRT2.1s probably play important roles.”
Claim · model-written summary
Up-regulated GhNRT2.1 genes were proposed to influence feedback regulation of potassium uptake and root growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Gene
- GhNRT2.1se1
- Outcome
- feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ uptake in cotton roots”
e1“In terms of feedback regulation of K+ uptake and root growth, several up-regulated DEGs related to Ca2+ binding and CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinases), one up-regulated GhKUP3 and several up-regulated GhNRT2.1s probably play important roles.”
The same questions in other papers
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.