Abstract
Agronomic biofortification is one of the main strategies for alleviation of micronutrient deficiencies in human populations and promoting sustainable production of food and feed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N)fertilization on biofortification of maize crop (Zea mays L.) with zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and selenium (Se) grown on a micronutrient deficient soil under greenhouse conditions. Factorial design experiment was set under greenhouse conditions. The experiment consisted of two levels of each N, Zn, Fe and Se. The levels for N were 125 and 250 mg N kg−1 soil; Zn were 1 and 5 mg Zn kg−1 soil; levels of Fe were 0 and 10 mg Fe kg−1 soil; levels of Se were 0 and 0.02 mg Se kg−1 soil. An additional experiment was also conducted to study the effect of the Zn form applied as a ZnO or ZnSO4 on shoot growth, shoot Zn concentration and total shoot Zn uptake per plant. Shoot Zn concentrations increased by increasing soil Zn application both with ZnSO4 and ZnO treatments, but the shoot Zn concentration and total Zn uptake were much greater with ZnSO4 than the ZnO application. Under given experimental conditions, increasing soil N supply improved shoot N concentration; but had little effect on shoot dry matter production. The concentrations of Zn and Fe in shoots were significantly increased by increasing N application. In case of total uptake of Zn and Fe, the positive effect of N nutrition was more pronounced. Although Se soil treatment had significant effect, N application showed no effect on Se concentration and accumulation in maize shoots. The obtained results show that N fertilization is an effective tool in improving the Zn and Fe status of silage maize and contribute to the better-quality feed.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil zinc raised maize shoot zinc concentration with ZnSO4.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot Zn concentrations increased by increasing soil Zn application both with ZnSO4 and ZnO treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil zinc raised maize shoot zinc concentration with ZnO.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot Zn concentrations increased by increasing soil Zn application both with ZnSO4 and ZnO treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4 produced greater maize shoot zinc concentration than ZnO.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the shoot Zn concentration and total Zn uptake were much greater with ZnSO4 than the ZnO application”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4 produced greater maize total zinc uptake than ZnO.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the shoot Zn concentration and total Zn uptake were much greater with ZnSO4 than the ZnO application”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen supply improved maize shoot nitrogen concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing soil N supply improved shoot N concentration”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen supply had little effect on maize shoot dry matter production.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing soil N supply improved shoot N concentration; but had little effect on shoot dry matter production”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen significantly raised maize shoot zinc concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of Zn and Fe in shoots were significantly increased by increasing N application”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen significantly raised maize shoot iron concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of Zn and Fe in shoots were significantly increased by increasing N application”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen nutrition had a more pronounced positive effect on maize total zinc uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of total uptake of Zn and Fe, the positive effect of N nutrition was more pronounced”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen nutrition had a more pronounced positive effect on maize total iron uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of total uptake of Zn and Fe, the positive effect of N nutrition was more pronounced”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil selenium treatment significantly affected selenium concentration and accumulation in maize shoots.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although Se soil treatment had significant effect, N application showed no effect on Se concentration and accumulation in maize shoots”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application had no effect on selenium concentration and accumulation in maize shoots.
- Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Se concentration and accumulation in maize shootse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N application showed no effect on Se concentration and accumulation in maize shoots”
t0“Maize”
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