Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is common on calcareous soils due to fixation with soil components and precipitation with other ions. ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) may serve a better source of Zn for improved growth and biofortification in maize grains. Pot and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles in comparison with conventional Zn fertilizer (ZnSO4) on growth and grain Zn contents of maize. In both experiments, Zn application improved growth and physiological parameters of plants; however, maximum improvement was observed in treatments receiving ZnSO4 (soluble) or ZnO nanoparticles (insoluble source of Zn). Application of ZnO nanoparticles also improved Zn concentration in shoots as well as in grains in field experiment. In field experiment, Zn partitioning was also calculated and interestingly it is found that Zn concentration at maturity stages was reduced in stem and mature leaves. Maximum Zn concentration (~80 mg kg−1) was observed in young leaves at vegetative growth stage in treatments receiving ZnO nanoparticles. Foliar applied ZnO NPs showed maximum increase in grain Zn concentration (82%). It is concluded that ZnO NPs improved maize growth, yield and grain Zn contents. Being cheaper and efficient source, it can be used for Zn biofortification.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Zn application improved maize growth and physiological parameters in pot and field experiments.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both experiments, Zn application improved growth and physiological parameters of plants”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO4 and ZnO nanoparticle treatments gave the maximum improvement in growth and physiological parameters.
- Treatment
- ZnSO4 (soluble) or ZnO nanoparticles (insoluble source of Zn)e0
- Outcome
- improvemente0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum improvement was observed in treatments receiving ZnSO4 (soluble) or ZnO nanoparticles (insoluble source of Zn)”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO nanoparticles increased shoot and grain Zn concentration in the field experiment.
- Treatment
- ZnO nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in shoots as well as in grainse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- field experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of ZnO nanoparticles also improved Zn concentration in shoots as well as in grains in field experiment”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At maturity, Zn concentration decreased in stems and mature leaves.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn concentration at maturity stages was reduced in stem and mature leaves”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Young leaves at vegetative growth had the maximum Zn concentration, about 80 mg kg−1, with ZnO nanoparticles.
- Organ / stage
- young leaves at vegetative growth stagee0
- Treatment
- ZnO nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- ~80 mg kg−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum Zn concentration (~80 mg kg−1) was observed in young leaves at vegetative growth stage in treatments receiving ZnO nanoparticles”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar ZnO nanoparticles increased grain Zn concentration by 82%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applied ZnO NPs showed maximum increase in grain Zn concentration (82%)”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend ZnO nanoparticles for Zn biofortification.
- Outcome
- Zn biofortificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it can be used for Zn biofortification”
t0“in maize”
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