Abstract
Abstract Seed priming with water (hydropriming or HP) has been shown to be beneficial for seed germination and plant growth. However, there is little information on the effects of seed priming with amino acids and casein hydrolysate (CH) compared with HP, particularly in relation to early post-germinative seedling growth under salinity stress. In this study, Italian ryegrass seeds ( Lolium multiflorum L.) were primed with 1 mM of each of the 20 protein amino acids and CH (200 mg l −1 ) before they were germinated in 0, 60 and 90 mM NaCl in Petri dishes for 4 d in darkness. Germination percentage (GP), radicle length (RL) and peroxidase (POD) activity in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings were investigated. Generally, when the seeds were germinated in 0, 60 and 90 mM NaCl, there was no significant difference in GP of seeds among various priming treatments, except that a higher GP was observed in seeds of HP treatment compared with the non-primed seeds when incubated in 60 mM NaCl. When incubated in 60 and 90 mM NaCl, seedlings from seeds primed with L-methionine or CH exhibited greater RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activity than those from non-primed and hydro-primed seeds. Under salinity stress, there were higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings, a marker of oxidative stress, but seed priming with CH was effective in reducing the salinity-triggered increase in MDA content. These results suggest that priming with L-methionine or CH would be better than HP for the protection of seedling root growth under salinity stress and might be associated with enhanced antioxidative defence against salinity-induced oxidative stress.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Hydropriming raised germination percentage relative to no priming at 60 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- Italian ryegrass
Lolium multiflorumt0 - Treatment
- HP treatmente0
- Outcome
- GPe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- 60 mM NaCle0
- Comparator
- non-primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher GP was observed in seeds of HP treatment compared with the non-primed seeds when incubated in 60 mM NaCl”
t0“Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Other priming treatments did not differ significantly in germination percentage.
- Taxon
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorumt0
- Treatment
- various priming treatmentse0
- Outcome
- GP of seedse0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Qualifier
- except that a higher GP was observed in seeds of HP treatment compared with the non-primed seeds when incubated in 60 mM NaCle0
- Comparator
- among various priming treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no significant difference in GP of seeds among various priming treatments, except that a higher GP was observed in seeds of HP treatment compared with the non-primed seeds when incubated in 60 mM NaCl”
t0“Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
L-methionine priming increased radicle length and root peroxidase activity versus no priming and hydropriming under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorumt0
- Treatment
- primed with L-methioninee0
- Outcome
- RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 60 and 90 mM NaCle0
- Comparator
- non-primed and hydro-primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When incubated in 60 and 90 mM NaCl, seedlings from seeds primed with L-methionine or CH exhibited greater RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activity than those from non-primed and hydro-primed seeds.”
t0“Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Casein hydrolysate priming increased radicle length and root peroxidase activity versus no priming and hydropriming under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorumt0
- Treatment
- CHe0
- Outcome
- RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 60 and 90 mM NaCle0
- Comparator
- non-primed and hydro-primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When incubated in 60 and 90 mM NaCl, seedlings from seeds primed with L-methionine or CH exhibited greater RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activity than those from non-primed and hydro-primed seeds.”
t0“Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress increased root malondialdehyde levels.
- Taxon
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the roote0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under salinity stress, there were higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Casein hydrolysate priming reduced the salinity-induced rise in root malondialdehyde.
- Taxon
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorumt0
- Treatment
- seed priming with CHe0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with CH was effective in reducing the salinity-triggered increase in MDA content”
t0“Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · physiology: oxidative · Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
seed treatment · growth · Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.