Abstract
Application of nanoparticles in the field of agriculture can increase crop production. It can also decrease mineral loss and can lessen the fertilizer use. The present study deals with synthesis (green) of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from ZnSO4 solution and seed extract of black seeds (Nigella sativa L.) that acted as reducing agent. To characterize the newly formed nanoparticles UV–visible spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were used. Seven concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1000 µg/L) of ZnO-NPs were given to the seeds of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italic) with ZnSO4 salt solution treatment as control. Results of the particle size analyzer and SEM showed the spherical nanoparticles with particle size of 24 nm. The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area. Chlorophyll, phenolic, proline and sugar content were also observed to be increased by 50%, 67.4%, 14.6% and 36.2% respectively as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle. Whereas results also proved higher efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticles for enhancing crop growth as compared to the macro size ZnSO4 salt solution. From the results, it was concluded that zinc oxide nanoparticles can be a useful nano-supplement to improve the production of B. oleracea var italica. It is first time report for use of green synthesized ZnO-NPs as nanofertilizers for B. oleracea var italic crop.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli seed germination by 37.5% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicae0 - Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 37.5%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli root length by 56.6% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 56.6%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli shoot length by 16.6% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 16.6%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli weight of seedlings by 41% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- weight of seedlingse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli number of leaves by 11.5% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- number of leavese0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 11.5%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli plant height by 17.1% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 17.1%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli leaf area by 24.4% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 24.4%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli resulted an enhancement of 37.5% in seed germination, 56.6% in root length, 16.6% in shoot length, 41% in weight of seedlings, 11.5% in number of leaves, 17.1% in plant height, 24.4% in leaf area.”
e1“as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli Chlorophyll by 50% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- Brassica oleracea var italic
Brassica oleraceat0 - Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- Chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll, phenolic, proline and sugar content were also observed to be increased by 50%, 67.4%, 14.6% and 36.2% respectively as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle.”
e1“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli”
t0“Brassica oleracea var italic”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli phenolic by 67.4% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- Brassica oleracea var italicBrassica oleraceat0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- phenolice0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 67.4%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll, phenolic, proline and sugar content were also observed to be increased by 50%, 67.4%, 14.6% and 36.2% respectively as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle.”
e1“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli”
t0“Brassica oleracea var italic”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli proline by 14.6% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- Brassica oleracea var italicBrassica oleraceat0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 14.6%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll, phenolic, proline and sugar content were also observed to be increased by 50%, 67.4%, 14.6% and 36.2% respectively as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle.”
e1“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli”
t0“Brassica oleracea var italic”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased broccoli sugar content by 36.2% compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- Brassica oleracea var italicBrassica oleraceat0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- sugar contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 36.2%e0
- Comparator
- distilled water treatment without any nanoparticlee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll, phenolic, proline and sugar content were also observed to be increased by 50%, 67.4%, 14.6% and 36.2% respectively as compared to the distilled water treatment without any nanoparticle.”
e1“The application of ZnO-NPs to the Broccoli”
t0“Brassica oleracea var italic”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO nanoparticles enhanced crop growth more efficiently than macro size ZnSO4 salt solution.
- Taxon
- Brassica oleracea var italicBrassica oleraceat0
- Treatment
- zinc oxide nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- crop growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- macro size ZnSO4 salt solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticles for enhancing crop growth as compared to the macro size ZnSO4 salt solution”
t0“Brassica oleracea var italic”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude zinc oxide nanoparticles could be a nano-supplement for broccoli production.
- Taxon
- B. oleracea var italicaBrassica oleraceae0
- Outcome
- useful nano-supplement to improve the productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“zinc oxide nanoparticles can be a useful nano-supplement to improve the production of B. oleracea var italica”
The same questions in other papers
zinc oxide · growth · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.