Abstract
Sustainable plant protection can be applied on apples against fungal pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea (which is responsible for gray mold)—a significant global postharvest disease. This pathogen can affect a wide range of hosts; and fruits may have variable susceptibilities to B. cinerea from different plant hosts. New possibilities to control gray mold in food production are under demand due to the emergence of resistance against antifungal agents in fungal pathogens. Cinnamon, pimento, and laurel extracts were previously assessed for antifungal activities under in vitro conditions and were found to have the potential to be effective against postharvest gray mold. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of cinnamon, pimento, and laurel extracts in vitro and against postharvest gray mold on apples to determine the susceptibility of apple fruits to B. cinerea from different plant hosts, and to analyze the chemical composition of the extracts. Apples (cv. “Connell Red”) were treated with different concentrations of extracts and inoculated with B. cinerea isolates from apple and strawberry followed by evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity. The results reveal that most of the concentrations of the extracts that were investigated were not efficient enough when assessed in the postharvest assay, despite having demonstrated a high in vitro antifungal effect. Apples were less susceptible to B. cinerea isolated from strawberry. To conclude, cinnamon extract was found to be the most effective against apple gray mold; however, higher concentrations of the extracts are required for the efficient inhibition of B. cinerea in fruits during storage.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Most concentrations of the plant extracts were not efficient enough in the postharvest assay on apples.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- extractse1
- Interactor
- B. cinerea
Botrytis cinereat0pathogen - Outcome
- postharvest assaye1
- Direction
- not efficient enoughe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Susceptibility of Apple Fruits to B. cinerea from Different Plant Hosts”
e1“most of the concentrations of the extracts that were investigated were not efficient enough when assessed in the postharvest assay, despite having demonstrated a high in vitro antifungal effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Cinnamon extract was the most effective against apple gray mold.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- cinnamon extracte2
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Outcome
- apple gray molde2
- Direction
- most effectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Susceptibility of Apple Fruits to B. cinerea from Different Plant Hosts”
e2“cinnamon extract was found to be the most effective against apple gray mold”
Claim · model-written summary
Apples were less susceptible to B. cinerea isolated from strawberry than to other isolates.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- isolated from strawberrye0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptiblee0
- Direction
- lesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Susceptibility of Apple Fruits to B. cinerea from Different Plant Hosts”
e0“Apples were less susceptible to B. cinerea isolated from strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant extracts had a high in vitro antifungal effect against B. cinerea.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- extractse1
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Outcome
- in vitro antifungal effecte1
- Direction
- highe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Susceptibility of Apple Fruits to B. cinerea from Different Plant Hosts”
e1“most of the concentrations of the extracts that were investigated were not efficient enough when assessed in the postharvest assay, despite having demonstrated a high in vitro antifungal effect”
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