Abstract
AIM: Test of Bacillus subtilis strain GA1 for its potential to control grey mould disease of apple caused by Botrytis cinerea. METHODS AND RESULTS: GA1 was first tested for its ability to antagonize in vitro the growth of a wide variety of plant pathogenic fungi responsible for diseases of economical importance. The potential of strain GA1 to reduce post-harvest infection caused by B. cinerea was tested on apples by treating artificially wounded fruits with endospore suspensions. Strain GA1 was very effective at reducing disease incidence during the first 5 days following pathogen inoculation and a 80% protection level was maintained over the next 10 days. Treatment of fruits with an extract of GA1 culture supernatant also exerted a strong preventive effect on the development of grey mould. Further analysis of this extract revealed that strain GA1 produces a wide variety of antifungal lipopeptide isomers from the iturin, fengycin and surfactin families. A strong evidence for the involvement of such compounds in disease reduction arose from the recovery of fengycins from protected fruit sites colonized by bacterial cells. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented here demonstrate that, despite unfavourable pH, B. subtilis endospores inoculated on apple pulp can readily germinate allowing significant cell populations to establish and efficient in vivo synthesis of lipopeptides which could be related to grey mould reduction. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This work enables for the first time to correlate the strong protective effect of a particular B. subtilis strain against grey mould with in situ production of fengycins in infected sites of apple fruits.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
GA1 reduced grey mould incidence for five days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Strain GA1e0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereat0pathogen - Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis GA1
Bacillus subtilist0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- first 5 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“Strain GA1 was very effective at reducing disease incidence during the first 5 days following pathogen inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
GA1 maintained 80% protection over the following ten days.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis GA1t0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis GA1Bacillus subtilist0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- protection levele0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“a 80% protection level was maintained over the next 10 days”
Claim · model-written summary
GA1 culture extract prevented grey mould development.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- an extract of GA1 culture supernatante0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis GA1Bacillus subtilist0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- development of grey moulde0
- Direction
- preventivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“Treatment of fruits with an extract of GA1 culture supernatant also exerted a strong preventive effect on the development of grey mould”
Claim · model-written summary
GA1 produced antifungal lipopeptides from three families.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis GA1Bacillus subtilist0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antifungal lipopeptide isomers from the iturin, fengycin and surfactin familiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“strain GA1 produces a wide variety of antifungal lipopeptide isomers from the iturin, fengycin and surfactin families”
Claim · model-written summary
Fengycins were recovered from protected fruit sites colonized by GA1.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruit sitese0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis GA1Bacillus subtilist0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- recovery of fengycinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“recovery of fengycins from protected fruit sites colonized by bacterial cells”
Claim · model-written summary
GA1 endospores germinated and established populations on apple pulp despite unfavorable pH.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- apple pulpe0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- B. subtilis endospores inoculated on apple pulp can readily germinate allowing significant cell populations to establishe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“despite unfavourable pH, B. subtilis endospores inoculated on apple pulp can readily germinate allowing significant cell populations to establish”
Claim · model-written summary
GA1 synthesized lipopeptides on apple pulp, potentially related to grey mould reduction.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis GA1Bacillus subtilist0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- grey mould reductione0
- Qualifier
- efficient in vivo synthesis of lipopeptidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Role of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis GA1 in the reduction of grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea on apple”
e0“efficient in vivo synthesis of lipopeptides which could be related to grey mould reduction”
The same questions in other papers
Bacillus subtilis · Botrytis cinerea · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
botanical · Botrytis cinerea · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.