Abstract
Salinity is a key worldwide ecological restriction to sustainable crop production and food security. Various methods were used for inducing salinity tolerance including biotechnological approaches or application of stress tolerance-inducing substances. Silicon supplementation has a decisive role in alleviating of salinity injury, however, the definite mechanisms behind stay scantily understood, and must be examined. The imperative roles of sodium metasilicate (Si, 100 ppm) application methods (foliar spraying at 100 mg/l; soil additive at 100 mg/kg soil; foliar spraying at 100 mg/l plus soil additive at 100 mg/kg soil), in improving growth and essential oil yield, maintaining water status, activating antioxidant system, and keeping ion homeostasis of salt affected-sweet basil (6000 mg NaCl/kg soil) were studied. Salinity induced a notable increase in oxidative biomarkers, coupled with higher osmolyte concentration and osmotic potential (OP) values, as well as increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities. Alternatively, sweet basil growth, essential oil yield, and catalase activity were reduced under salinity. Furthermore, salinity aggravated ion imbalance, decreased photosynthetic pigment and disrupted the plants' water status. Silicon application drastically increased osmolyte accumulation associated with sustained water status, increased OP, and improved osmotic adjustment (OA) capacity. Additionally, Si application enhanced antioxidant aptitude associated with decreased oxidative biomarkers and improved growth, photosynthetic pigment, and essential oil yield. Greater outcomes were achieved with the foliar spraying method, compared with other application methods. Salinity stress evoked modification in protein assimilation capacity and possibly will withdraw protein biosynthesis and reduce total protein band number; however, Si application may adjust the expression of salinity inducible proteins. Foliar spraying of Si with or without soil additive accelerates the expression of peroxidase isozyme over salinized or control plants. Collectively, Si foliar spraying alleviated salinity-related injuries on sweet basil by maintaining water status, increasing osmolyte assimilation, improving OA, enhancing redox homeostasis, and antioxidant capacity.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased oxidative biomarkers, osmolyte concentration, osmotic potential, and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in sweet basil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.
Ocimum basilicumt0 - Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- oxidative biomarkers, coupled with higher osmolyte concentration and osmotic potential (OP) values, as well as increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Salinity induced a notable increase in oxidative biomarkers, coupled with higher osmolyte concentration and osmotic potential (OP) values, as well as increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced sweet basil growth, essential oil yield, and catalase activity.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- sweet basil growth, essential oil yield, and catalase activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“sweet basil growth, essential oil yield, and catalase activity were reduced under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity aggravated ion imbalance in sweet basil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- ion imbalancee0
- Direction
- aggravatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“salinity aggravated ion imbalance, decreased photosynthetic pigment and disrupted the plants' water status”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased sweet basil photosynthetic pigment.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“salinity aggravated ion imbalance, decreased photosynthetic pigment and disrupted the plants' water status”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity disrupted sweet basil water status.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- plants' water statuse0
- Direction
- disruptede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“salinity aggravated ion imbalance, decreased photosynthetic pigment and disrupted the plants' water status”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application increased osmolyte accumulation, osmotic potential and osmotic adjustment capacity while sustaining water status in sweet basil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- Silicon applicatione0
- Outcome
- osmolyte accumulation associated with sustained water status, increased OP, and improved osmotic adjustment (OA) capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Silicon application drastically increased osmolyte accumulation associated with sustained water status, increased OP, and improved osmotic adjustment (OA) capacity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application enhanced antioxidant aptitude and decreased oxidative biomarkers in sweet basil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- Si applicatione0
- Outcome
- oxidative biomarkerse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Si application enhanced antioxidant aptitude associated with decreased oxidative biomarkers and improved growth, photosynthetic pigment, and essential oil yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application improved growth, photosynthetic pigment and essential oil yield in sweet basil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- Si applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth, photosynthetic pigment, and essential oil yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Si application enhanced antioxidant aptitude associated with decreased oxidative biomarkers and improved growth, photosynthetic pigment, and essential oil yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying gave greater outcomes than other silicon application methods.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying methode0
- Outcome
- Greater outcomese0
- Direction
- Greatere0
- Comparator
- other application methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Greater outcomes were achieved with the foliar spraying method, compared with other application methods.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress modified protein assimilation capacity and may reduce protein biosynthesis and total protein band number.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- Salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- protein assimilation capacity and possibly will withdraw protein biosynthesis and reduce total protein band numbere0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Salinity stress evoked modification in protein assimilation capacity and possibly will withdraw protein biosynthesis and reduce total protein band number”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application may adjust expression of salinity inducible proteins in sweet basil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- Si applicatione0
- Gene
- salinity inducible proteinse0
- Outcome
- expression of salinity inducible proteinse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Si application may adjust the expression of salinity inducible proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar silicon spraying with or without soil additive accelerated peroxidase isozyme expression over salinized or control plants.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum L.Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar spraying of Si with or without soil additivee0
- Gene
- peroxidase isozymee0
- Outcome
- expression of peroxidase isozymee0
- Direction
- acceleratese0
- Comparator
- salinized or control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ocimum basilicum L.”
e0“Foliar spraying of Si with or without soil additive accelerates the expression of peroxidase isozyme over salinized or control plants.”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · physiology: photosynthesis · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salinity · physiology: photosynthesis · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →salinity · physiology: water · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
salinity · quality: protein · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.