Abstract
Abstract Durum wheat culture requires a high level of N fertilization to achieve ideal protein concentration for semolina and pasta quality, contributing to N losses. Optimizing plant N use efficiency could improve agro-environmental balance. In the current paper, we studied the impact of the marine (DPI4913) and fungal (AF086) extracts (biostimulants) applied on leaves on growth, N absorption and N fluxes in durum wheat in field and greenhouse experiments. In the field, 15 NO 3 − and 15 NH 4 + were injected into the soil; in the greenhouse, N of the flag-leaf was labelled with 15 NH 4 + . Flag-leaf senescence was studied by estimating leaf chlorophyll concentration. In greenhouse, biostimulants increased grain yield, total N in plant and the proportion of plant N in ears. When water was limited in greenhouse experiment, neither biostimulants had any effect. In the field, DPI4913 increased soil fertilizer-derived 15 N accumulated in grains. In the greenhouse, biostimulants increased the proportion of 15 N applied to the flag-leaf recovered in grains and accelerated leaf senescence. For plants treated with biostimulants, flag-leaf N resorption increased. Biostimulants had a larger positive impact on mineral N root uptake than on N remobilization. In conclusion, our study has shown that DPI4913 and AF086 can promote plant growth and grain yield, N uptake and remobilization. Thus, these biostimulants could be used to optimize durum wheat N fertilization and contribute to reduced N losses.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse experiments, biostimulants increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- durum wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse, biostimulants increased grain yield, total N in plant and the proportion of plant N in ears”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse experiments, biostimulants increased total N in plant.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- total N in plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse, biostimulants increased grain yield, total N in plant and the proportion of plant N in ears”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse experiments, biostimulants increased the proportion of plant N in ears.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- the proportion of plant N in earse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse, biostimulants increased grain yield, total N in plant and the proportion of plant N in ears”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under limited water in the greenhouse, neither biostimulant had an effect.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- any effecte0
- Qualifier
- water was limitede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When water was limited in greenhouse experiment, neither biostimulants had any effect”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Field application of DPI4913 increased fertilizer-derived nitrogen in grains.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- DPI4913e0
- Outcome
- soil fertilizer-derived 15 N accumulated in grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, DPI4913 increased soil fertilizer-derived 15 N accumulated in grains”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In the greenhouse, biostimulants increased recovery of flag-leaf nitrogen in grains.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- the proportion of 15 N applied to the flag-leaf recovered in grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the greenhouse, biostimulants increased the proportion of 15 N applied to the flag-leaf recovered in grains and accelerated leaf senescence”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In the greenhouse, biostimulants accelerated flag-leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the greenhouse, biostimulants increased the proportion of 15 N applied to the flag-leaf recovered in grains and accelerated leaf senescence”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biostimulants increased flag-leaf nitrogen resorption.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- flag-leaf N resorptione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For plants treated with biostimulants, flag-leaf N resorption increased”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biostimulants affected mineral nitrogen root uptake more than nitrogen remobilization.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- Biostimulantse0
- Outcome
- mineral N root uptakee0
- Direction
- larger positive impacte0
- Comparator
- N remobilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biostimulants had a larger positive impact on mineral N root uptake than on N remobilization”
t0“durum wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose biostimulants to optimize durum wheat nitrogen fertilization and reduce nitrogen losses.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Outcome
- optimize durum wheat N fertilization and contribute to reduced N lossese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these biostimulants could be used to optimize durum wheat N fertilization and contribute to reduced N losses”
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