Abstract
ABSTRACT Despite the favorable edaphoclimatic conditions for avocado production in Brazil, diseases such as root rot caused by the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi compromise the crop. With the aim of managing root rot in avocado, the present study aimed to evaluate chemical and biological control with isolates of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Thus, three assays were conducted to assess: (i) mycelial inhibition of P. cinnamomi by isolates of Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens from different crop systems; (ii) effect of autoclaved and non-autoclaved metabolites of P. fluorescens, and (iii) chemical or biological treatment of avocado seedlings on the control of root rot under field conditions. The isolates of Trichoderma spp. from maize cultivation soil and the commercial products formulated with Trichoderma presented greater antagonism (p <0.05) to the pathogen P. cinnamomi in the in vitro tests. Similarly, non-autoclaved metabolites of P. fluorescens presented antagonistic potential to control P. cinnamomi. Under field conditions, the fungicide metalaxyl and the bioagents showed effectiveness in controlling P. cinnamomi, as well as greater root length and mass. Results demonstrated potential for the biological control of avocado root rot with Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Maize-soil Trichoderma isolates had greater in vitro antagonism to P. cinnamomi.
- Taxon
- avocado
Persea americanat0 - Interactor
- P. cinnamomi
Phytophthora cinnamomie0pathogen - Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.
Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- antagonisme0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Setting
- in vitro testse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The isolates of Trichoderma spp. from maize cultivation soil and the commercial products formulated with Trichoderma presented greater antagonism (p <0.05) to the pathogen P. cinnamomi in the in vitro tests”
t0“avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial Trichoderma products had greater in vitro antagonism to P. cinnamomi.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Interactor
- P. cinnamomiPhytophthora cinnamomie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antagonisme0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Setting
- in vitro testse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the commercial products formulated with Trichoderma presented greater antagonism (p <0.05) to the pathogen P. cinnamomi in the in vitro tests”
t0“avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-autoclaved P. fluorescens metabolites antagonized P. cinnamomi.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- non-autoclaved metabolitese0
- Interactor
- P. cinnamomiPhytophthora cinnamomie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- antagonistic potential to control P. cinnamomie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“non-autoclaved metabolites of P. fluorescens presented antagonistic potential to control P. cinnamomi”
t0“avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl controlled P. cinnamomi in avocado under field conditions.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- metalaxyle0
- Interactor
- P. cinnamomiPhytophthora cinnamomie0pathogen
- Outcome
- controlling P. cinnamomie0
- Direction
- effectivenesse0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, the fungicide metalaxyl and the bioagents showed effectiveness in controlling P. cinnamomi, as well as greater root length and mass”
t0“avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioagents controlled P. cinnamomi in avocado under field conditions.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- bioagentse0
- Interactor
- P. cinnamomiPhytophthora cinnamomie0pathogen
- Outcome
- controlling P. cinnamomie0
- Direction
- effectivenesse0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, the fungicide metalaxyl and the bioagents showed effectiveness in controlling P. cinnamomi, as well as greater root length and mass”
t0“avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Field treatments increased avocado seedling root length and mass.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- fungicide metalaxyl and the bioagentse0
- Outcome
- root length and masse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, the fungicide metalaxyl and the bioagents showed effectiveness in controlling P. cinnamomi, as well as greater root length and mass”
t0“avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
The results support biological control of avocado root rot with Trichoderma and P. fluorescens.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma spp.Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biological control of avocado root rote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results demonstrated potential for the biological control of avocado root rot with Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens”
The same questions in other papers
metalaxyl · Phytophthora cinnamomi · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.