Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Field efficacy of certain insecticides against shoot and fruit borer [Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee)]” was conducted during July, 2015 at Agricultural research farm, SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj(Allahabad). The occurrence of shoot and fruit borer was commenced from 34th standard week (August third week) with an average 0.72% infestation. The shoot and fruit borer population increased and gradually reached peak level of 5.87% infestation at 41st standard week (October second week). Thereafter, declined trend was observed due to fall of maximum and minimum temperatures as optimum weather condition are decreasing. Therefore Per cent infestation was positively correlated with the maximum and minimum temperature. Hence decline of temperature lead to the decline of the shoot and fruit borer population. Three application of seven insecticides viz; spinosad 45 SC (0.2 ml / lit), Flubendamide 20 WG (0.5 g / l), Chlorantraniliprole 20 SC (0.05 ml / l), Profenophos 50 EC (0.05 ml / l), Alphamethrin 10 EC (0.01 ml / l), Acephate 75 SP (0.5 g / l) and Neem oil (2 ml / l) were evaluated against shoot and fruit borer. Yields among the treatment were significant. The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h). When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69).
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad (T2) gave the highest yield, 218.5 q/ha, compared with the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- Brinjal
Solanum melongenat0 - Treatment
- T2 Spinosade1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 218.5 q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flubendamide (T4) gave a yield of 198.6 q/ha, higher than the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T4 Flubendamidee1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 198.6 q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole (T5) gave a yield of 186.9 q/ha, higher than the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T5 Chlorantraniliprolee1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 186.9 q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Profenophos (T7) gave a yield of 174.7 q/ha, higher than the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T7 Profenophose1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 174.7q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alphamethrin (T1) gave a yield of 170.2 q/ha, higher than the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T1 Alphamethrine1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 170.2 q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acephate (T6) gave a yield of 162.4 q/ha, higher than the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T6 Acephatee1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 162.4 q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil (T3) gave a yield of 140.4 q/ha, higher than the control To (80.4 q/ha).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T3 Neem oile1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 140.4 q/hae1
- Comparator
- control Toe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e1“The highest yield was recorded in T2 Spinosad (218.5 q/ha) followed by T4 Flubendamide (198.6 q/ha), T5 Chlorantraniliprole (186.9 q/ha), T7 Profenophos (174.7q/ha), T1 Alphamethrin (170.2 q/ha), T6 Acephate (162.4 q/ha), T3 Neem oil(140.4 q/ha) as compared to control To (80.4 q/h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad (T2) had the best cost benefit ratio, 1:6.34, compared with the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T2 Spinosade2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- beste2
- Value
- 1:6.34e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flubendamide (T4) had a cost benefit ratio of 1:6.31, higher than the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T4e2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:6.31e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole (T5) had a cost benefit ratio of 1:6.03, higher than the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T5e2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:6.03e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
Profenophos (T7) had a cost benefit ratio of 1:5.63, higher than the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T7e2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:5.63e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alphamethrin (T1) had a cost benefit ratio of 1:5.53, higher than the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T1e2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:5.53e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acephate (T6) had a cost benefit ratio of 1:5.21, higher than the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T6e2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:5.21e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil (T3) had a cost benefit ratio of 1:4.49, higher than the control To (1:2.69).
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- T3e2
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:4.49e2
- Comparator
- control Toe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e2“When cost benefit ratio was worked out, the best and most economical treatment was T2 Spinosad (1:6.34) and T4 (1:6.31) followed by T5 (1:6.03), T7 (1:5.63), T1 (1:5.53), T6 (1:5.21) and T3 (1:4.49) as compared to control To (1:2.69)”
Claim · model-written summary
The shoot and fruit borer population peaked at 5.87% infestation at the 41st standard week.
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Outcome
- shoot and fruit borer populatione3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 5.87%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e3“The shoot and fruit borer population increased and gradually reached peak level of 5.87% infestation at 41st standard week (October second week)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and fruit borer occurrence began at the 34th standard week with an average infestation of 0.72%.
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Outcome
- occurrence of shoot and fruit borere4
- Value
- 0.72%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e4“The occurrence of shoot and fruit borer was commenced from 34th standard week (August third week) with an average 0.72% infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Per cent infestation was positively correlated with maximum and minimum temperature.
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- maximum and minimum temperaturee5
- Outcome
- Per cent infestatione5
- Direction
- positively correlatede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e5“Per cent infestation was positively correlated with the maximum and minimum temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Decline in temperature was associated with a decline in the shoot and fruit borer population.
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- decline of temperaturee6
- Outcome
- shoot and fruit borer populatione6
- Direction
- declinee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e6“Hence decline of temperature lead to the decline of the shoot and fruit borer population”
Claim · model-written summary
Yields among the insecticide treatments were significantly different.
- Taxon
- BrinjalSolanum melongenat0
- Outcome
- Yieldse7
- Qualifier
- among the treatmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of certain insecticides against Brinjal shoot and fruit borer”
e7“Yields among the treatment were significant”
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