Abstract
Plant diseases are often caused by a consortium of pathogens competing with one another to gain a foothold in the infection niche. Nevertheless, studies are often limited to a single pathogen on its host. In Europe, fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species, including Fusarium graminearum and F. poae. Here, we combined a time series of (co)inoculations, monitored by multispectral imaging, transcriptional, and mycotoxin analyses, to study the temporal interaction between both species and wheat. Our results showed coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poae inhibited symptom development but did not alter mycotoxin accumulation compared to a single inoculation with F. graminearum. In contrast, preinoculation of F. poae reduced both FHB symptoms and mycotoxin levels compared to a single F. graminearum infection. Interestingly, F. poae exhibited increased growth in dual infections, demonstrating that this weak pathogen takes advantage of its co-occurrence with F. graminearum. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed that F. poae induces LOX and ICS gene expression in wheat. We hypothesize that the early induction of salicylic and jasmonic acid-related defences by F. poae hampers a subsequent F. graminearum infection. This study is the first to report on the defence mechanisms of the plant involved in a tripartite interaction between two species of a disease complex and their host.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poae inhibited FHB symptom development in wheat compared with a single F. graminearum inoculation.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume5 - Treatment
- coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poaee0
- Interactor
- F. graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0pathogen - Second interactor
- F. poae
Fusarium poaee0pathogen - Outcome
- symptom developmente0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- a single inoculation with F. graminearume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Our results showed coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poae inhibited symptom development but did not alter mycotoxin accumulation compared to a single inoculation with F. graminearum”
e5“fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species”
Claim · model-written summary
Coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poae did not alter mycotoxin accumulation in wheat compared with a single F. graminearum inoculation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poaee0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycotoxin accumulatione0
- Direction
- did not altere0
- Comparator
- a single inoculation with F. graminearume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results showed coinoculation of F. graminearum and F. poae inhibited symptom development but did not alter mycotoxin accumulation compared to a single inoculation with F. graminearum”
e5“fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species”
Claim · model-written summary
Preinoculation of F. poae reduced FHB symptoms in wheat compared with a single F. graminearum infection.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- preinoculation of F. poaee1
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- FHB symptomse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- a single F. graminearum infectione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In contrast, preinoculation of F. poae reduced both FHB symptoms and mycotoxin levels compared to a single F. graminearum infection”
e5“fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species”
Claim · model-written summary
Preinoculation of F. poae reduced mycotoxin levels in wheat compared with a single F. graminearum infection.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- preinoculation of F. poaee1
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- mycotoxin levelse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- a single F. graminearum infectione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In contrast, preinoculation of F. poae reduced both FHB symptoms and mycotoxin levels compared to a single F. graminearum infection”
e5“fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species”
Claim · model-written summary
F. poae showed increased growth in dual infections with F. graminearum on wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- in dual infectionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Interestingly, F. poae exhibited increased growth in dual infections, demonstrating that this weak pathogen takes advantage of its co-occurrence with F. graminearum”
e5“fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species”
Claim · model-written summary
F. poae induces LOX and ICS gene expression in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee3pathogen
- Gene
- LOX and ICSe3
- Outcome
- gene expressione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed that F. poae induces LOX and ICS gene expression in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Early induction of salicylic and jasmonic acid-related defences by F. poae is hypothesized to hamper a subsequent F. graminearum infection in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee4pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume4pathogen
- Compound
- salicylic and jasmonic acide4
- Outcome
- subsequent F. graminearum infectione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“We hypothesize that the early induction of salicylic and jasmonic acid-related defences by F. poae hampers a subsequent F. graminearum infection”
e5“fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by multiple Fusarium species”
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See all 164 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.