Abstract
Abstract Brazil is the world's largest sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.) producer, with 8.5 million ha and 643 million t of stalks produced annually. Sugarcane production has a significant impact in the Brazilian economy due to the large production of sugar, ethanol, and energy. The low N use efficiency is a challenge for sugarcane production and may be due to a lack of synchrony between fertilizer application and maximum N demand. This study tested the hypothesis that split N application can improve sugarcane yield by matching fertilizer application and crop demand. We conducted 25 green sugarcane field trials in south‐central Brazil (15 in the first ratoon stage [Year 1] and 10 in the second ratoon stage [Year 2]) divided into three harvest periods: autumn, winter, and spring. We adopted a factorial design at the autumn and winter sites, evaluating N rates and methods of application (total or split), and a complete block design in spring, evaluating N rates. Measurements included stalk yield, total recoverable sugars, and sugar yield. Nitrogen responsiveness was higher in sugarcane harvested in autumn compared with winter or spring. Split N application (i.e., applying half of the N soon after harvest and half at the beginning of the rainy season) showed the potential to increase yields by 3–7 Mg ha −1 in autumn but not in winter. Among the seven responsive sites, the yield gain was 9–10.5 Mg ha −1 , and the average yield at 0.8 kg N Mg −1 was statistically similar to those at 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 kg N Mg −1 .
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane harvested in autumn responded more strongly to nitrogen than winter or spring harvests.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen responsiveness was higher in sugarcane harvested in autumn compared with winter or spring.”
Claim · model-written summary
Split nitrogen application could increase autumn yields by 3–7 Mg ha −1.
Verbatim
e0“Split N application (i.e., applying half of the N soon after harvest and half at the beginning of the rainy season) showed the potential to increase yields by 3–7 Mg ha −1 in autumn but not in winter.”
t0“sugarcane to nitrogen rates and split application”
e1“methods of application (total or split)”
Claim · model-written summary
Split nitrogen application did not show yield gains in winter.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Split N applicatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- not in wintere0
- Setting
- wintere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Split N application (i.e., applying half of the N soon after harvest and half at the beginning of the rainy season) showed the potential to increase yields by 3–7 Mg ha −1 in autumn but not in winter.”
t0“sugarcane to nitrogen rates and split application”
Claim · model-written summary
At seven responsive sites, nitrogen yield gain was 9–10.5 Mg ha −1.
Verbatim
e0“Among the seven responsive sites, the yield gain was 9–10.5 Mg ha −1”
t0“sugarcane to nitrogen rates and split application”
Claim · model-written summary
At seven responsive sites, mean yield at 0.8 kg N Mg −1 was statistically similar to yields at 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 kg N Mg −1.
Verbatim
e0“the average yield at 0.8 kg N Mg −1 was statistically similar to those at 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 kg N Mg −1 .”
t0“sugarcane to nitrogen rates and split application”
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