Abstract
The impact of two strains of Pseudomonas bacteria and natural zeolite on the growth and elemental composition of barley plants was studied in an agrogray soil (Luvisol) artificially contaminated with cadmium in pot experiments. Application of P. fluorescens 21, or P. putida 23, or zeolite eliminated the heavy metal toxicity for plants. The cumulative effect of co-application of P. fluorescens 21 and zeolite was insignificant. The bacteria- or zeolite-mediated plant tolerance to cadmium was attributed to the enhanced root system development, decreased cadmium translocation into the roots, and improved mineral nutrition of the plants. Elevated nutrient uptake by the plants under the influence of bacteria and zeolite was the result of plant growth stimulation without significant changes in the concentrations of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, as well as Fe and micronutrients Zn, Mn, and Cu in plant tissues, including grain. Application of P. fluorescens 21 enhanced the Cd fixation in the soil organic matter in the first half of the growing season, which could be due to the metal sequestration by bacterial siderophores. Thus, application of the bacteria and natural zeolite can be recommended in the strategies for Cd-polluted soil remediation based on environment-friendly technologies.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens 21 eliminated heavy metal toxicity in barley.
- Taxon
- barley plants
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- P. fluorescens 21e0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens 21
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont - Outcome
- heavy metal toxicity for plantse0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Application of P. fluorescens 21, or P. putida 23, or zeolite eliminated the heavy metal toxicity for plants.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
P. putida 23 eliminated heavy metal toxicity in barley.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- P. putida 23e0
- Interactor
- P. putida 23
Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont - Outcome
- heavy metal toxicity for plantse0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of P. fluorescens 21, or P. putida 23, or zeolite eliminated the heavy metal toxicity for plants.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
zeolite eliminated heavy metal toxicity in barley.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- zeolitee0
- Outcome
- heavy metal toxicity for plantse0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of P. fluorescens 21, or P. putida 23, or zeolite eliminated the heavy metal toxicity for plants.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined P. fluorescens 21 and zeolite had an insignificant cumulative effect.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- co-application of P. fluorescens 21 and zeolitee0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens 21Pseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont
- Outcome
- cumulative effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cumulative effect of co-application of P. fluorescens 21 and zeolite was insignificant.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria or zeolite treatment was linked to enhanced root system development.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- root system developmente0
- Qualifier
- cadmium translocation into the rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced root system development, decreased cadmium translocation into the roots, and improved mineral nutrition of the plants.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria or zeolite treatment was linked to decreased cadmium translocation into the roots.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- cadmium translocation into the rootse0
- Qualifier
- cadmium translocation into the rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced root system development, decreased cadmium translocation into the roots, and improved mineral nutrition of the plants.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria or zeolite treatment was linked to improved mineral nutrition of the plants.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- mineral nutrition of the plantse0
- Qualifier
- cadmium translocation into the rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced root system development, decreased cadmium translocation into the roots, and improved mineral nutrition of the plants.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria and zeolite increased nutrient uptake through growth stimulation.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake by the plantse0
- Direction
- Elevatede0
- Qualifier
- plant growth stimulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated nutrient uptake by the plants under the influence of bacteria and zeolite was the result of plant growth stimulation without significant changes in the concentrations of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, as well as Fe and micronutrients Zn, Mn, and Cu in plant tissues, including grain.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria and zeolite did not significantly change listed nutrient concentrations in plant tissues.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- bacteria and zeolitee0
- Outcome
- concentrations of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, as well as Fe and micronutrients Zn, Mn, and Cu in plant tissues, including graine0
- Direction
- without significant changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated nutrient uptake by the plants under the influence of bacteria and zeolite was the result of plant growth stimulation without significant changes in the concentrations of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, as well as Fe and micronutrients Zn, Mn, and Cu in plant tissues, including grain.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens 21 enhanced Cd fixation in soil organic matter early in the season.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Application of P. fluorescens 21e0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens 21Pseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont
- Outcome
- Cd fixation in the soil organic mattere0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- in the first half of the growing seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of P. fluorescens 21 enhanced the Cd fixation in the soil organic matter in the first half of the growing season, which could be due to the metal sequestration by bacterial siderophores.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial siderophores may explain Cd sequestration.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- metal sequestratione0
- Qualifier
- bacterial siderophorese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of P. fluorescens 21 enhanced the Cd fixation in the soil organic matter in the first half of the growing season, which could be due to the metal sequestration by bacterial siderophores.”
t0“barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend bacteria and zeolite for Cd-polluted soil remediation.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- application of the bacteria and natural zeolitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the bacteria and natural zeolite can be recommended in the strategies for Cd-polluted soil remediation”
t0“barley plants”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas fluorescens · pest · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
other · nutrient: content · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →inoculation · nutrient: content · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →other · pest · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.