Abstract
Geomorphologic characteristics like altitude and terrain slope have an important but often neglected impact on light conditions in orchards. The study concentrated on the impact of altitude and terrain slope in combination with various colours of anti-hail nets (red, grey, blue, green and black) on the light and microclimate conditions in apple orchards. The results exhibit a large reduction of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under the nets, most prominently under blue and red nets (reduction between 38.7 and 45.6%), while the impact of coloured nets on other microclimatic parameters (average air temperature, relative air humidity, temperature of dew point, wet-bulb temperature, heat index, minimum air temperature, maximum air temperature) remain irrelevant. The only consistent difference is an average of 2% increase of maximum air temperature under the blue net in comparison to other treatments. The use of the net also significantly reduce the wind speed (on average by 56.3%) and air flow (on average by 63.4%), and changes the distribution of precipitation in the orchard, most prominently in cases of heavy rain and drizzle. Regarding the orchard’s geomorphologic characteristics, a positive relationship exists between altitude and PAR.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Anti-hail nets reduced orchard PAR, especially blue and red nets by 38.7 to 45.6%.
- Taxon
- apple orchardst0
- Treatment
- blue and red netse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- between 38.7 and 45.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a large reduction of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under the nets, most prominently under blue and red nets (reduction between 38.7 and 45.6%)”
t0“apple orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Coloured nets had irrelevant effects on the listed microclimate parameters other than maximum air temperature.
- Taxon
- apple orchardst0
- Treatment
- coloured netse0
- Outcome
- average air temperature, relative air humidity, temperature of dew pointe0
- Direction
- irrelevante0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the impact of coloured nets on other microclimatic parameters (average air temperature, relative air humidity, temperature of dew point, wet-bulb temperature, heat index, minimum air temperature, maximum air temperature) remain irrelevant”
t0“apple orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue nets increased maximum air temperature by an average of 2% versus other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“an average of 2% increase of maximum air temperature under the blue net in comparison to other treatments”
t0“apple orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Nets significantly reduced wind speed by an average of 56.3%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The use of the net also significantly reduce the wind speed (on average by 56.3%)”
t0“apple orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Nets significantly reduced air flow by an average of 63.4%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The use of the net also significantly reduce the wind speed (on average by 56.3%) and air flow (on average by 63.4%)”
t0“apple orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Nets changed orchard precipitation distribution, especially during heavy rain and drizzle.
- Taxon
- apple orchardst0
- Treatment
- the nete0
- Outcome
- distribution of precipitatione0
- Direction
- changese0
- Qualifier
- heavy rain and drizzlee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The use of the net also significantly reduce the wind speed (on average by 56.3%) and air flow (on average by 63.4%), and changes the distribution of precipitation in the orchard, most prominently in cases of heavy rain and drizzle”
t0“apple orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Altitude was positively related to orchard PAR.
Verbatim
e0“a positive relationship exists between altitude and PAR”
t0“apple orchards”
The same questions in other papers
trap barrier · soil: physics · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.