Abstract
Isolation trials from infected coriander seedlings and plants growing in Qalubiya and Sharkiya governorates, showing symptoms of damping-off, root-rot, stem-rot and/or wilt diseases, yielded Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, F. solani, Pythium sp., Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. However, R. solani recorded the highest mean of frequency in isolation (19.1%), followed by S. sclerotiorum (13.5%) and F. oxysporum (13.2%), while A. alternata was the least (5.7%). The seven tested fungi were found to be pathogenic to coriander seedlings. F. oxysporum, R. solani, and S. sclerotiorum were the most virulent fungi, causing the highest damping-off incidence. Three silicon (Si) sources, i.e. calcium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate with four concentrations (100, 200, 400 and 800 ppm), significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungi to coriander seedlings. Potassium silicate at 400ppm was more effective than the other silicon sources tested, since it completely inhibited mycelial growth of the tested fungi. Under greenhouse conditions, damping-off (pre- and post-emergence) was completely controlled in the case of F. oxysporum by using Vitavax/Thiram whereas, post-emergence damping-off caused by any of F. moniliforme and F. solani was effectively controlled using either Vitavax/Thiram or potassium silicate. Also, applying the three silicon sources as soil drench to the infested soil significantly decreased percentages of damping-off, subsequently increased survival plants as well as improved plant height and fresh weight. Under field conditions, seeds soaking plus soil drenching by calcium silicate (800 ppm), potassium silicate (400 ppm) or sodium silicate (800 ppm) significantly reduced the incidence (%) of damping-off and increased plant height, number of branches and blossoms. Also, seed yield/plant and essential oil seed contents were improved. However, potassium silicate was the most effective treatment in reducing damping-off incidence and in improving plant growth parameters as well as seed yield and seed oil yield.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Eight fungal taxa were isolated from symptomatic coriander.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Coriandrum sativumt0 - Outcome
- damping-off, root-rot, stem-rot and/or wilt diseasese0
- Setting
- Qalubiya and Sharkiya governoratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolation trials from infected coriander seedlings and plants growing in Qalubiya and Sharkiya governorates, showing symptoms of damping-off, root-rot, stem-rot and/or wilt diseases, yielded Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, F. solani, Pythium sp., Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
R. solani isolation frequency was 19.1%.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- frequency in isolatione0
- Value
- 19.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. solani recorded the highest mean of frequency in isolation (19.1%), followed by S. sclerotiorum (13.5%) and F. oxysporum (13.2%), while A. alternata was the least (5.7%).”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
S. sclerotiorum isolation frequency was 13.5%.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen - Outcome
- frequency in isolatione0
- Value
- 13.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. solani recorded the highest mean of frequency in isolation (19.1%), followed by S. sclerotiorum (13.5%) and F. oxysporum (13.2%), while A. alternata was the least (5.7%).”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
F. oxysporum isolation frequency was 13.2%.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Outcome
- frequency in isolatione0
- Value
- 13.2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“R. solani recorded the highest mean of frequency in isolation (19.1%), followed by S. sclerotiorum (13.5%) and F. oxysporum (13.2%), while A. alternata was the least (5.7%).”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A. alternata isolation frequency was 5.7%.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Interactor
- A. alternata
.jpg?width=60)
Alternaria alternatae0pathogen - Outcome
- frequency in isolatione0
- Value
- 5.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“R. solani recorded the highest mean of frequency in isolation (19.1%), followed by S. sclerotiorum (13.5%) and F. oxysporum (13.2%), while A. alternata was the least (5.7%).”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven tested fungi were pathogenic to coriander seedlings.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Outcome
- pathogenic to coriander seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The seven tested fungi were found to be pathogenic to coriander seedlings.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
F. oxysporum, R. solani and S. sclerotiorum caused the highest damping-off incidence.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- highest damping-off incidencee0
- Qualifier
- R. solani, and S. sclerotiorume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“F. oxysporum, R. solani, and S. sclerotiorum were the most virulent fungi, causing the highest damping-off incidence.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
calcium silicate inhibited growth of pathogenic fungi.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- calcium silicatee0
- Outcome
- mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungie0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three silicon (Si) sources, i.e. calcium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate with four concentrations (100, 200, 400 and 800 ppm), significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungi to coriander seedlings.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium silicate inhibited growth of pathogenic fungi.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Outcome
- mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungie0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three silicon (Si) sources, i.e. calcium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate with four concentrations (100, 200, 400 and 800 ppm), significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungi to coriander seedlings.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
sodium silicate inhibited growth of pathogenic fungi.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- sodium silicatee0
- Outcome
- mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungie0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three silicon (Si) sources, i.e. calcium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate with four concentrations (100, 200, 400 and 800 ppm), significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the seven pathogenic fungi to coriander seedlings.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium silicate at 400ppm completely inhibited mycelial growth.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Potassium silicate at 400ppme0
- Outcome
- mycelial growth of the tested fungie0
- Direction
- completely inhibitede0
- Comparator
- other silicon sources testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium silicate at 400ppm was more effective than the other silicon sources tested, since it completely inhibited mycelial growth of the tested fungi.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitavax/Thiram completely controlled F. oxysporum damping-off in greenhouse.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Vitavax/Thirame0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- damping-off (pre- and post-emergence)e0
- Direction
- completely controllede0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under greenhouse conditions, damping-off (pre- and post-emergence) was completely controlled in the case of F. oxysporum by using Vitavax/Thiram”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitavax/Thiram controlled post-emergence damping-off from F. moniliforme and F. solani.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- Vitavax/Thirame0
- Interactor
- F. moniliforme
Fusarium verticillioidese0pathogen - Outcome
- post-emergence damping-offe0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
- Qualifier
- F. solanie0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“post-emergence damping-off caused by any of F. moniliforme and F. solani was effectively controlled using either Vitavax/Thiram or potassium silicate.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium silicate controlled post-emergence damping-off from F. moniliforme and F. solani.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Interactor
- F. moniliformeFusarium verticillioidese0pathogen
- Outcome
- post-emergence damping-offe0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
- Qualifier
- F. solanie0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“post-emergence damping-off caused by any of F. moniliforme and F. solani was effectively controlled using either Vitavax/Thiram or potassium silicate.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon soil drenches decreased percentages of damping-off.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- three silicon sources as soil drenche0
- Outcome
- percentages of damping-offe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying the three silicon sources as soil drench to the infested soil significantly decreased percentages of damping-off, subsequently increased survival plants as well as improved plant height and fresh weight.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon soil drenches increased survival plants.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- three silicon sources as soil drenche0
- Outcome
- survival plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying the three silicon sources as soil drench to the infested soil significantly decreased percentages of damping-off, subsequently increased survival plants as well as improved plant height and fresh weight.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon soil drenches improved plant height and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- three silicon sources as soil drenche0
- Outcome
- plant height and fresh weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying the three silicon sources as soil drench to the infested soil significantly decreased percentages of damping-off, subsequently increased survival plants as well as improved plant height and fresh weight.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Field silicon seed soaking and soil drenching reduced incidence (%) of damping-off.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- seeds soaking plus soil drenchinge0
- Outcome
- incidence (%) of damping-offe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, seeds soaking plus soil drenching by calcium silicate (800 ppm), potassium silicate (400 ppm) or sodium silicate (800 ppm) significantly reduced the incidence (%) of damping-off and increased plant height, number of branches and blossoms. Also, seed yield/plant and essential oil seed contents were improved.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Field silicon seed soaking and soil drenching increased plant height, number of branches and blossoms.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- seeds soaking plus soil drenchinge0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of branches and blossomse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, seeds soaking plus soil drenching by calcium silicate (800 ppm), potassium silicate (400 ppm) or sodium silicate (800 ppm) significantly reduced the incidence (%) of damping-off and increased plant height, number of branches and blossoms. Also, seed yield/plant and essential oil seed contents were improved.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Field silicon seed soaking and soil drenching improved seed yield/plant and essential oil seed contents.
- Taxon
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)Coriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- seeds soaking plus soil drenchinge0
- Outcome
- seed yield/plant and essential oil seed contentse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, seeds soaking plus soil drenching by calcium silicate (800 ppm), potassium silicate (400 ppm) or sodium silicate (800 ppm) significantly reduced the incidence (%) of damping-off and increased plant height, number of branches and blossoms. Also, seed yield/plant and essential oil seed contents were improved.”
t0“Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)”
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