Abstract
Low phosphate (Pi) availability limits crop growth and yield on acid soils. Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop. In this study, dynamic changes in intracellular (leaf and root) and root-associated APase activities were investigated under both Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions. Moreover, genome-wide identification of members of the purple acid phosphatase (PAP) family, and their expression patterns in response to Pi starvation were analyzed in soybean. The functions of both GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b, whose expression is up-regulated by Pi starvation, were subsequently characterized. Phosphate starvation resulted in significant increases in intracellular APase activities in the leaves after 4 d, and in root intracellular and associated APase activities after 1 d, but constant increases were observed only for root intracellular and associated APase activities during 5 to 16 d of P deficiency in soybean. Moreover, a total of 38 GmPAP members were identified in the soybean genome. The transcripts of 19 GmPAP members in the leaves and 17 in the roots were up-regulated at 16 d of P deficiency despite no response for any GmPAP members to Pi starvation at 2 d. Pi starvation up-regulated GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b were subsequently selected for further analysis. Both GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b exhibited relatively high activities against adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in vitro. Furthermore, overexpressing GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b in soybean hairy roots significantly increased root-associated APase activities, and thus facilitated extracellular ATP utilization. Taken together, these results suggest that GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b might contribute to root-associated APase activities, and thus function in extracellular ATP utilization in soybean.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate starvation significantly increased intracellular APase activities in soybean leaves after 4 d.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- Phosphate starvatione1
- Outcome
- intracellular APase activitiese1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Qualifier
- after 4 de1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e1“Phosphate starvation resulted in significant increases in intracellular APase activities in the leaves after 4 d, and in root intracellular and associated APase activities after 1 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate starvation significantly increased root intracellular and associated APase activities after 1 d.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- roote1
- Treatment
- Phosphate starvatione1
- Outcome
- root intracellular and associated APase activitiese1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Qualifier
- after 1 de1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e1“Phosphate starvation resulted in significant increases in intracellular APase activities in the leaves after 4 d, and in root intracellular and associated APase activities after 1 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Root intracellular and associated APase activities increased constantly during 5 to 16 d of P deficiency in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- roote2
- Treatment
- P deficiencye2
- Outcome
- root intracellular and associated APase activitiese2
- Direction
- constant increasese2
- Qualifier
- 5 to 16 de2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e2“but constant increases were observed only for root intracellular and associated APase activities during 5 to 16 d of P deficiency in soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
38 GmPAP members were identified in the soybean genome.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- GmPAPe3
- Outcome
- GmPAP memberse3
- Value
- 38e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e3“a total of 38 GmPAP members were identified in the soybean genome”
Claim · model-written summary
At 16 d of P deficiency, 19 GmPAP members were up-regulated in soybean leaves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Treatment
- P deficiencye4
- Outcome
- transcriptse4
- Direction
- up-regulatede4
- Value
- 19e4
- Qualifier
- 16 de4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e4“The transcripts of 19 GmPAP members in the leaves and 17 in the roots were up-regulated at 16 d of P deficiency despite no response for any GmPAP members to Pi starvation at 2 d”
Claim · model-written summary
At 16 d of P deficiency, 17 GmPAP members were up-regulated in soybean roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- P deficiencye4
- Outcome
- transcriptse4
- Direction
- up-regulatede4
- Value
- 17e4
- Qualifier
- 16 de4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e4“The transcripts of 19 GmPAP members in the leaves and 17 in the roots were up-regulated at 16 d of P deficiency despite no response for any GmPAP members to Pi starvation at 2 d”
Claim · model-written summary
No GmPAP member responded to Pi starvation at 2 d.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Pi starvatione4
- Outcome
- response for any GmPAP memberse4
- Direction
- no responsee4
- Qualifier
- 2 de4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e4“The transcripts of 19 GmPAP members in the leaves and 17 in the roots were up-regulated at 16 d of P deficiency despite no response for any GmPAP members to Pi starvation at 2 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Pi starvation up-regulated GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b, which were then selected for analysis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Pi starvatione5
- Gene
- GmPAP7a and GmPAP7be5
- Outcome
- up-regulatede5
- Direction
- up-regulatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e5“Pi starvation up-regulated GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b were subsequently selected for further analysis”
Claim · model-written summary
GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b showed relatively high activity against ATP in vitro.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- GmPAP7a and GmPAP7be6
- Compound
- adenosine triphosphate (ATP)e6
- Outcome
- activities against adenosine triphosphate (ATP)e6
- Direction
- relatively highe6
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although root-associated acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in extracellular organic phosphorus (P) utilization, they remain poorly studied in soybean (Glycine max), an important legume crop”
e6“Both GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b exhibited relatively high activities against adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressing GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b in soybean hairy roots significantly increased root-associated APase activities.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe7
- Organ / stage
- hairy rootse7
- Treatment
- overexpressing GmPAP7a and GmPAP7be7
- Gene
- GmPAP7a and GmPAP7be7
- Outcome
- root-associated APase activitiese7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“overexpressing GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b in soybean hairy roots significantly increased root-associated APase activities, and thus facilitated extracellular ATP utilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b is thought to facilitate extracellular ATP utilization in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe7
- Treatment
- overexpressing GmPAP7a and GmPAP7be7
- Compound
- ATPe7
- Outcome
- extracellular ATP utilizatione7
- Direction
- facilitatede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“overexpressing GmPAP7a and GmPAP7b in soybean hairy roots significantly increased root-associated APase activities, and thus facilitated extracellular ATP utilization”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · physiology: enzyme activity · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- positive
- negative
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.