Abstract
Weed infestation, particularly Phalaris minor Retz. is a serious threat for increasing wheat productivity in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. The primary objective of this research was to study the effect of sowing dates and mulching on the growth of wheat and weeds. In general, early sowing (November-25) exhibited less growth of P. minor, but increased weed biomass and lower wheat yields than the delayed (December-10) sowing date. Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat; and drastically reduced weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minor. Moreover, under no weed management, delayed sowing increased the wheat yield, over earlier sowing. It was concluded that organic mulches can sustainably manage the weed infestation, particularly P. minor and increase the wheat yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Early sowing gave less P. minor growth than delayed sowing.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- early sowing (November-25)e0
- Interactor
- P. minor
.jpg?width=60)
Phalaris minore0weed - Outcome
- growth of P. minore0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- delayed (December-10) sowing datee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“wheat and weeds (Phalaris minor Retz.)”
e0“early sowing (November-25) exhibited less growth of P. minor, but increased weed biomass and lower wheat yields than the delayed (December-10) sowing date”
Claim · model-written summary
Early sowing increased weed biomass relative to delayed sowing.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- early sowing (November-25)e0
- Interactor
- weedst0weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- delayed (December-10) sowing datee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and weeds (Phalaris minor Retz.)”
e0“early sowing (November-25) exhibited less growth of P. minor, but increased weed biomass and lower wheat yields than the delayed (December-10) sowing date”
Claim · model-written summary
Early sowing gave lower wheat yields than delayed sowing.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- early sowing (November-25)e0
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- delayed (December-10) sowing datee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“early sowing (November-25) exhibited less growth of P. minor, but increased weed biomass and lower wheat yields than the delayed (December-10) sowing date”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch increased wheat height, tiller count, and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- paddy strawe0
- Outcome
- height, tiller count, yield of wheate0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Jute mat mulch increased wheat height, tiller count, and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- jute mate0
- Outcome
- height, tiller count, yield of wheate0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Black polythene mulch increased wheat height, tiller count, and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- black polythenee0
- Outcome
- height, tiller count, yield of wheate0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch drastically reduced weed infestation, particularly P. minor growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- paddy strawe0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minore0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat; and drastically reduced weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Jute mat mulch drastically reduced weed infestation, particularly P. minor growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- jute mate0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minore0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat; and drastically reduced weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Black polythene mulch drastically reduced weed infestation, particularly P. minor growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- black polythenee0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minore0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of paddy straw, jute mat, and black polythene mulches positively increased the height, tiller count, yield of wheat; and drastically reduced weed infestation, especially the growth of P. minor.”
Claim · model-written summary
With no weed management, delayed sowing increased wheat yield over earlier sowing.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- delayed sowinge0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- no weed managemente0
- Comparator
- earlier sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“under no weed management, delayed sowing increased the wheat yield, over earlier sowing”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that organic mulches can manage P. minor infestation and raise wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- organic mulches can sustainably manage the weed infestation, particularly P. minor and increase the wheat yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“organic mulches can sustainably manage the weed infestation, particularly P. minor and increase the wheat yield”
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