Abstract
The supply of sulfur (S) fertilizers, such as phosphogypsum, to new agricultural frontiers has been hindered by the high cost of freight. However, this problem could be resolved by utilizing deposits of rock in the affected regions. Accordingly, a greenhouse study was designed to evaluate the effect of S source and rate on soybean yield. Five S rates (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg−1) and five S sources (S-phosphogypsum, S-Niquelândia rock, S-Araripina rock, S-Grajaú rock, and S-Sulfurgran [90% S0 + 10% bentonite]) were applied to soybean grown in two soil types (Typic Ultisol and Typic Oxisol), which differ in clay content. Regardless of soil type, the application of P-phosphogypsum resulted in a higher grain yield. However, application of the other S sources also improved grain yield as well as total dry weight; S application, in general, improved soybean yield components (number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, and weight of pods per pot), photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and the S levels of leaves and grains as well as the available sulfate (SO42-) levels in the soil. Therefore, for soybean grown in Typic Ultisol and Typic Oxisol, different S sources effectively improve a variety of variables that ultimately improve grain yield.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphogypsum gave higher grain yield regardless of soil type.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- P-phosphogypsume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of soil type, the application of P-phosphogypsum resulted in a higher grain yield”
t0“of soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Other sulfur sources improved grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- other S sourcese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the other S sources also improved grain yield as well as total dry weight”
t0“of soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Other sulfur sources improved total dry weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- other S sourcese0
- Outcome
- total dry weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the other S sources also improved grain yield as well as total dry weight”
t0“of soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application improved grains per pod, pods per pot, and pod weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- S applicatione0
- Outcome
- number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, and weight of pods per pote0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S application, in general, improved soybean yield components (number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, and weight of pods per pot)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application improved photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- S applicatione0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S application, in general, improved soybean yield components (number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, and weight of pods per pot), photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application improved sulfur levels in soybean leaves and grains.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- S applicatione0
- Outcome
- S levels of leaves and grainse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S application, in general, improved soybean yield components (number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, and weight of pods per pot), photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and the S levels of leaves and grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application improved available soil sulfate levels.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- S applicatione0
- Outcome
- available sulfate (SO42-) levels in the soile0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S application, in general, improved soybean yield components (number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, and weight of pods per pot), photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and the S levels of leaves and grains as well as the available sulfate (SO42-) levels in the soil”
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