Abstract
This study conducted to evaluate the efficacy of microwave energy on all stages of cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) reared on faba bean seeds exposed to microwave at the lowest energy (17% of 800W.) for the 2,3,4,5, and 6 minutes. Exposure of adults to microwave energy for 5 minutes caused 90% mortality and complete reduction of progeny. When the eggs laid on faba bean seeds were exposed to microwave energy for 5 minutes, the hatchability was 1.9% compared with control (77.7 %). When the larvae inside the seeds were exposed to microwave energy for 5 minutes, complete reduction of progeny was found. Microwave did not affect on pupa stage at all periods of exposure. There was no significant difference in the chemical composition, crude protein, oil and total carbohydrate contents between treated and untreated faba bean seeds to microwave energy. Meantime, results of SDS-PAGE in soluble seed protein revealed a total number of 22 bands (6 common bands were monomorphic while the other were polymorphic). The maximum number of bands (14) appeared with 5 minutes of exposure time but when exposure time decreased to 3 and 4 minutes, it showed the minimum number of bands (10). There was no significant differences in viability and seedling vigor traits of untreated or treated faba bean seeds with microwave energy for 2,3,4, and 5 minutes. Highly significant reduction in the viability and seedling vigor were recorded with exposure time of 6 minutes. Highly significant loss of 100-seed weight was recorded after treatment with microwave energy for 6 minutes compared with other treated and untreated seeds.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Five minutes microwave exposure caused 90% adult weevil mortality.
- Taxon
- faba bean seeds
Vicia fabat0 - Treatment
- microwave energy for 5 minutese0
- Interactor
- cowpea weevil
Callosobruchus maculatust0pest - Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of adults to microwave energy for 5 minutes caused 90% mortality”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Five minutes microwave exposure completely reduced adult progeny.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- microwave energy for 5 minutese1
- Interactor
- cowpea weevilCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“90% mortality and complete reduction of progeny”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
e1“Exposure of adults to microwave energy for 5 minutes caused 90% mortality and complete reduction of progeny”
Claim · model-written summary
Egg hatchability fell to 1.9% versus 77.7% in controls.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- microwave energy for 5 minutese0
- Interactor
- cowpea weevilCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- hatchabilitye0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 1.9%e0
- Qualifier
- 77.7 %e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the eggs laid on faba bean seeds were exposed to microwave energy for 5 minutes, the hatchability was 1.9% compared with control (77.7 %)”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Five minutes exposure completely reduced larval progeny.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- microwave energy for 5 minutese0
- Interactor
- cowpea weevilCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the larvae inside the seeds were exposed to microwave energy for 5 minutes, complete reduction of progeny was found”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Microwave treatment did not affect pupae at any exposure time.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- Microwavee0
- Interactor
- cowpea weevilCallosobruchus maculatust0pest
- Outcome
- pupa stagee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Microwave did not affect on pupa stage at all periods of exposure”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed crude protein, oil and carbohydrate content did not differ significantly.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- microwave energye0
- Outcome
- crude protein, oil and total carbohydrate contentse0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- untreated faba bean seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no significant difference in the chemical composition, crude protein, oil and total carbohydrate contents between treated and untreated faba bean seeds to microwave energy”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble seed protein SDS-PAGE showed 22 bands, including six monomorphic bands.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- soluble seed proteine0
- Value
- 22 bandse0
- Qualifier
- 6 common bands were monomorphic while the other were polymorphice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“results of SDS-PAGE in soluble seed protein revealed a total number of 22 bands (6 common bands were monomorphic while the other were polymorphic)”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Five minutes exposure produced the maximum 14 protein bands.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- 5 minutes of exposure timee0
- Outcome
- number of bandse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 14e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of bands (14) appeared with 5 minutes of exposure time”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Three and four minutes exposure produced the minimum 10 bands.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- 3 and 4 minutese0
- Outcome
- number of bandse0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 10e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exposure time decreased to 3 and 4 minutes, it showed the minimum number of bands (10)”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Two to five minutes microwave exposure did not significantly affect viability or seedling vigor.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- microwave energy for 2,3,4, and 5 minutese0
- Outcome
- viability and seedling vigor traitse0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no significant differences in viability and seedling vigor traits of untreated or treated faba bean seeds with microwave energy for 2,3,4, and 5 minutes”
Claim · model-written summary
Six minutes exposure significantly reduced viability and seedling vigor.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- exposure time of 6 minutese0
- Outcome
- viability and seedling vigore0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highly significant reduction in the viability and seedling vigor were recorded with exposure time of 6 minutes”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Six minutes microwave treatment significantly reduced 100-seed weight.
- Taxon
- faba bean seedsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- microwave energy for 6 minutese0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- losse0
- Comparator
- other treated and untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highly significant loss of 100-seed weight was recorded after treatment with microwave energy for 6 minutes compared with other treated and untreated seeds”
t0“EFFICACY OF MICROWAVE ENERGY ON: 1- COWPEA WEEVIL, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), SOME OF CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND VIABILITY FOR FABA BEAN SEEDS”
The same questions in other papers
processing · quality: protein · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
processing · yield · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
processing · growth · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.