Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate effects of storage temperature and polyethylene (PE) film packaging on quality changes of summer spinach cv. Kwangchae and to find optimum storage conditions after harvest. Fresh weight (FW) of spinach stored at room temperature decreased by approximately 56% after 3 days, while those stored at 4C decreased by 20% after 7 days. Fresh weight of spinach packaged in PE film and stored at room temperature decreased by 2.5% after 3 days, while at 4C with PE film packaging only 1.5% fresh weight loss observed. Among soluble sugars at harvest, sucrose was the highest (4.9mg․g^-^1 FW) while glucose and fructose were 1.9mg․g^-^1 FW and 1.7mg․g^-^1 FW, respectively. These soluble sugars decreased rapidly during storage. After three days of storage at 4C, sucrose content was 3.0mg․g^-^1 FW in 0.03mm PE film packaging and 4.0-4.5mg․g^-^1 in 0.05mm PE film packaging, which was higher compared to control. Ascorbic acid content at harvest was 166μg․g^^1 FW and decreased to 20μg^-^1 FW after 3 days. These patterns were more apparent at room temperature storage without PE film pakaging. PE film (0.03mm) packaging retained the initial ascorbic acid content at harvest. Chlorophyll content at harvest was 400g^-^1 FW and slowly decreased as the storage period extended. PE film (0.05mm) packaging prevented chlorophyll content from declining during storage. The shelf life for non-packaged summer spinach at room temperature was determined to be not more than 3 days, while the quality of spinach was maintained packaged with 0.03mm PE film for 3 days. On the other hand, the shelf life of summer spinach stored at 4C with 0.03mm and 0.05mm PE film packaging was about 7 days. But the storage term was exceeded seven days the spinach stored in 0.05mm PE film at 4C showed water-soak and wilting, and finally was lost marketibility. In order to maintain quality of summer spinach after harvest, low temperature (4C) storage combined with 0.05mm and especially 0.03mm PE film packaging is strongly recommended.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Spinach stored at room temperature lost about 56% fresh weight after 3 days.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceae1 - Treatment
- stored at room temperaturee1
- Outcome
- Fresh weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- approximately 56%e1
- Qualifier
- after 3 dayse1
- Comparator
- 4Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fresh weight (FW) of spinach stored at room temperature decreased by approximately 56% after 3 days, while those stored at 4C decreased by 20% after 7 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinach stored at 4C lost 20% fresh weight after 7 days, compared with room temperature storage.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- stored at 4Ce1
- Outcome
- Fresh weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Qualifier
- after 7 dayse1
- Comparator
- room temperaturee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fresh weight (FW) of spinach stored at room temperature decreased by approximately 56% after 3 days, while those stored at 4C decreased by 20% after 7 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinach packaged in PE film and stored at room temperature lost 2.5% fresh weight after 3 days.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae2
- Treatment
- packaged in PE film and stored at room temperaturee2
- Outcome
- Fresh weighte2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 2.5%e2
- Qualifier
- after 3 dayse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Fresh weight of spinach packaged in PE film and stored at room temperature decreased by 2.5% after 3 days, while at 4C with PE film packaging only 1.5% fresh weight loss observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinach stored at 4C with PE film packaging lost only 1.5% fresh weight.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae2
- Treatment
- at 4C with PE film packaginge2
- Outcome
- fresh weight losse2
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede2
- Value
- 1.5%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Fresh weight of spinach packaged in PE film and stored at room temperature decreased by 2.5% after 3 days, while at 4C with PE film packaging only 1.5% fresh weight loss observed”
Claim · model-written summary
At harvest sucrose was the highest soluble sugar, above glucose and fructose.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Outcome
- sucrosee3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 4.9mg․g^-^1 FWe3
- Qualifier
- at harveste3
- Comparator
- glucose and fructosee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e3“Among soluble sugars at harvest, sucrose was the highest (4.9mg․g^-^1 FW) while glucose and fructose were 1.9mg․g^-^1 FW and 1.7mg․g^-^1 FW, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose content at harvest was 1.9 mg/g FW.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Outcome
- glucosee3
- Value
- 1.9mg․g^-^1 FWe3
- Qualifier
- at harveste3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e3“Among soluble sugars at harvest, sucrose was the highest (4.9mg․g^-^1 FW) while glucose and fructose were 1.9mg․g^-^1 FW and 1.7mg․g^-^1 FW, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fructose content at harvest was 1.7 mg/g FW.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Outcome
- fructosee3
- Value
- 1.7mg․g^-^1 FWe3
- Qualifier
- at harveste3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e3“Among soluble sugars at harvest, sucrose was the highest (4.9mg․g^-^1 FW) while glucose and fructose were 1.9mg․g^-^1 FW and 1.7mg․g^-^1 FW, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugars decreased rapidly during storage.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- during storagee4
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse4
- Direction
- decreased rapidlye4
- Comparator
- at harveste3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e3“Among soluble sugars at harvest, sucrose was the highest (4.9mg․g^-^1 FW) while glucose and fructose were 1.9mg․g^-^1 FW and 1.7mg․g^-^1 FW, respectively”
e4“These soluble sugars decreased rapidly during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose content after three days at 4C was higher in 0.03mm PE film packaging than in control.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- 0.03mm PE film packaginge5
- Outcome
- sucrose contente5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 3.0mg․g^-^1 FWe5
- Qualifier
- After three days of storage at 4Ce5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e5“After three days of storage at 4C, sucrose content was 3.0mg․g^-^1 FW in 0.03mm PE film packaging and 4.0-4.5mg․g^-^1 in 0.05mm PE film packaging, which was higher compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose content after three days at 4C was higher in 0.05mm PE film packaging than in control.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- 0.05mm PE film packaginge5
- Outcome
- sucrose contente5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 4.0-4.5mg․g^-^1e5
- Qualifier
- After three days of storage at 4Ce5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e5“After three days of storage at 4C, sucrose content was 3.0mg․g^-^1 FW in 0.03mm PE film packaging and 4.0-4.5mg․g^-^1 in 0.05mm PE film packaging, which was higher compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid content decreased to 20 μg/g FW after 3 days of storage.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Outcome
- Ascorbic acid contente6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 20μg^-^1 FWe6
- Qualifier
- after 3 dayse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e6“Ascorbic acid content at harvest was 166μg․g^^1 FW and decreased to 20μg^-^1 FW after 3 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid content at harvest was 166 μg/g FW.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Outcome
- Ascorbic acid contente6
- Value
- 166μg․g^^1 FWe6
- Qualifier
- at harveste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e6“Ascorbic acid content at harvest was 166μg․g^^1 FW and decreased to 20μg^-^1 FW after 3 days”
Claim · model-written summary
PE film (0.03mm) packaging retained the initial ascorbic acid content at harvest.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- PE film (0.03mm) packaginge7
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid contente7
- Direction
- retainede7
- Comparator
- initial ascorbic acid content at harveste7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e7“PE film (0.03mm) packaging retained the initial ascorbic acid content at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content at harvest was 400 g/g FW and slowly decreased during storage.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- slowly decreasede1
- Value
- 400g^-^1 FWe1
- Qualifier
- as the storage period extendede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e1“Chlorophyll content at harvest was 400g^-^1 FW and slowly decreased as the storage period extended”
Claim · model-written summary
PE film (0.05mm) packaging prevented chlorophyll decline during storage.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- PE film (0.05mm) packaginge1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- preventede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“summer spinach cv. Kwangchae”
e1“PE film (0.05mm) packaging prevented chlorophyll content from declining during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-packaged summer spinach at room temperature had a shelf life of not more than 3 days.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Outcome
- shelf lifee1
- Value
- not more than 3 dayse1
- Qualifier
- non-packaged summer spinach at room temperaturee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The shelf life for non-packaged summer spinach at room temperature was determined to be not more than 3 days, while the quality of spinach was maintained packaged with 0.03mm PE film for 3 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinach packaged with 0.03mm PE film at room temperature maintained its quality for 3 days.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- packaged with 0.03mm PE filme1
- Outcome
- quality of spinache1
- Direction
- maintainede1
- Qualifier
- for 3 dayse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The shelf life for non-packaged summer spinach at room temperature was determined to be not more than 3 days, while the quality of spinach was maintained packaged with 0.03mm PE film for 3 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer spinach stored at 4C with 0.03mm and 0.05mm PE film packaging had a shelf life of about 7 days.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- stored at 4C with 0.03mm and 0.05mm PE film packaginge1
- Outcome
- shelf lifee1
- Value
- about 7 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the shelf life of summer spinach stored at 4C with 0.03mm and 0.05mm PE film packaging was about 7 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature (4C) storage combined with 0.05mm and especially 0.03mm PE film packaging is recommended to maintain quality of summer spinach after harvest.
- Taxon
- summer spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- low temperature (4C) storage combined with 0.05mm and especially 0.03mm PE film packaginge1
- Outcome
- quality of summer spinache1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In order to maintain quality of summer spinach after harvest, low temperature (4C) storage combined with 0.05mm and especially 0.03mm PE film packaging is strongly recommended”
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