Abstract
We present the first comprehensive proteome analysis of wheat flag leaves under water-deficit, high-nitrogen (N) fertilization, and combined treatments during grain development in the field. Physiological and agronomic trait analyses showed that leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yield were significantly reduced under water-deficit conditions, but dramatically enhanced under high-N fertilization and moderately promoted under the combined treatment. Two-dimensional electrophoresis detected 72 differentially accumulated protein (DAP) spots representing 65 unique proteins, primarily involved in photosynthesis, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, redox homeostasis, stress defense, and energy metabolism. DAPs associated with photosynthesis and protein folding showed significant downregulation and upregulation in response to water-deficit and high-N treatments, respectively. The combined treatment caused a moderate upregulation of DAPs related to photosynthesis and energy and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting that high-N fertilization can alleviate losses in yield caused by water-deficit conditions by enhancing leaf photosynthesis and grain storage compound synthesis.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit significantly reduced leaf water content, chlorophyll and photosynthetic efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- water-deficit conditionse0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiencye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yield were significantly reduced under water-deficit conditions”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit significantly reduced grain weight and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- water-deficit conditionse0
- Outcome
- grain weight and yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yield were significantly reduced under water-deficit conditions”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen enhanced leaf physiology and grain weight and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high-N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yield were significantly reduced under water-deficit conditions, but dramatically enhanced under high-N fertilization”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment moderately promoted the measured physiology and yield traits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- combined treatmente0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yielde0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yield were significantly reduced under water-deficit conditions, but dramatically enhanced under high-N fertilization and moderately promoted under the combined treatment”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrophoresis detected 72 differentially accumulated spots representing 65 proteins.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- differentially accumulated protein (DAP) spotse0
- Value
- 72e0
- Qualifier
- 65 unique proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two-dimensional electrophoresis detected 72 differentially accumulated protein (DAP) spots representing 65 unique proteins”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit downregulated proteins associated with photosynthesis and folding.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- water-deficite0
- Outcome
- DAPs associated with photosynthesis and protein foldinge0
- Direction
- downregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DAPs associated with photosynthesis and protein folding showed significant downregulation and upregulation in response to water-deficit and high-N treatments, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen upregulated proteins associated with photosynthesis and folding.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high-N treatmentse0
- Outcome
- DAPs associated with photosynthesis and protein foldinge0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DAPs associated with photosynthesis and protein folding showed significant downregulation and upregulation in response to water-deficit and high-N treatments, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatment moderately upregulated photosynthesis, energy and carbohydrate metabolism proteins.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- combined treatmente0
- Outcome
- DAPs related to photosynthesis and energy and carbohydrate metabolisme0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined treatment caused a moderate upregulation of DAPs related to photosynthesis and energy and carbohydrate metabolism”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 632 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.