Abstract
Seed aging leads to reduced germination and vigor, especially in long-term storage, which can significantly reduce crop yields. Hence, identifying genetic mechanisms and providing physiological approaches to alleviate the deterioration process are needed. The current study was conducted in a series of laboratory experiments with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in 2015. Accelerated aging durations (0 d, 6 d, and 10 d), priming solutions [dry seed, water, and 50 µM aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)] and priming periods (6 h and 12 h) were considered experimental factors. Total RNA was extracted from whole dry and imbibed seeds using hexadecyltrimethylammonium method. Genes and associated accessions studied were: LIG4 (XM_003546387.3), CTR1 (BW653506.1), GAI1 (BW656807.1), NCED1 (AK244131.1), and NCED5 (AK245513.1). With increasing severity of seed deterioration, the expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 significantly increased, whereas a decreasing trend was observed for NCED5 expression. ACC had an inhibitory effect on germination index in aged soybean seed, which was associated with expression level of LIG4. Priming with ACC considerably reduced the inhibitory effect of CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 in 6-day aged seeds, resulting in a positive effect on germination. It seems that positive or negative effects of ethylene priming on soybean germination depend on severity of seed deterioration.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing seed deterioration significantly increased LIG4 expression.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- increasing severity of seed deterioratione0
- Gene
- LIG4e0
- Outcome
- expression of LIG4e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing severity of seed deterioration, the expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 significantly increased”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing deterioration significantly increased CTR1 expression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- increasing severity of seed deterioratione0
- Gene
- CTR1e0
- Outcome
- expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing severity of seed deterioration, the expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 significantly increased”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing deterioration significantly increased GAI1 expression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- increasing severity of seed deterioratione0
- Gene
- GAI1e0
- Outcome
- expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing severity of seed deterioration, the expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 significantly increased”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing deterioration significantly increased NCED1 expression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- increasing severity of seed deterioratione0
- Gene
- NCED1e0
- Outcome
- expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing severity of seed deterioration, the expression of LIG4, CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 significantly increased”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing deterioration decreased NCED5 expression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- increasing severity of seed deterioratione2
- Gene
- NCED5e0
- Outcome
- NCED5 expressione0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas a decreasing trend was observed for NCED5 expression”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
e2“With increasing severity of seed deterioration”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC inhibited germination index in aged soybean seed.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- aged soybean seede0
- Treatment
- ACCe0
- Outcome
- germination indexe0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACC had an inhibitory effect on germination index in aged soybean seed”
e1“50 µM aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC inhibition of germination index was associated with LIG4 expression.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACC had an inhibitory effect on germination index in aged soybean seed, which was associated with expression level of LIG4.”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC priming reduced the inhibitory effect of CTR1, GAI1 and NCED1 in 6-day aged seed.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- 6-day aged seedse0
- Treatment
- Priming with ACCe0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming with ACC considerably reduced the inhibitory effect of CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 in 6-day aged seeds”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC priming improved germination of 6-day aged seed.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- 6-day aged seedse0
- Treatment
- Priming with ACCe0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming with ACC considerably reduced the inhibitory effect of CTR1, GAI1, and NCED1 in 6-day aged seeds, resulting in a positive effect on germination.”
e1“soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that the direction of ethylene priming effects on soybean germination depends on deterioration severity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- ethylene priminge0
- Outcome
- soybean germinatione0
- Direction
- positive or negativee0
- Qualifier
- severity of seed deterioratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive or negative effects of ethylene priming on soybean germination depend on severity of seed deterioration”
The same questions in other papers
1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
seed treatment · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
134 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
161 papers more in this group
See all 165 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.