Abstract
Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins (TIP) are plant aquaporins that are primarily localized in the tonoplast and play a role in the bidirectional flux of water and other substrates across a membrane. In barley, eleven members of the HvTIP gene subfamily have been identified. Here, we describe the transcription profile of the HvTIP genes in the leaves of barley seedlings being grown under optimal moisture conditions, drought stress and a re-watering phase. The applied drought stress caused a 55% decrease in the relative water content (RWC) in seedlings, while re-watering increased the RWC to 90% of the control. Our analysis showed that all HvTIP genes, except HvTIP3;2, HvTIP4;3 and HvTIP5.1, were expressed in leaves of ten-day-old barley seedlings under optimal water conditions with the transcripts of HvTIP2;3, HvTIP1;2 and HvTIP1;1 being the most abundant. We showed, for the first time in barley, a significant variation in the transcriptional activity between the analysed genes under drought stress. After drought treatment, five HvTIP genes, which are engaged in water transport, were down-regulated to varying degrees, while two, HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1, were up-regulated. The HvTIP3;1 isoform, which is postulated as transporting hydrogen peroxide, expressed the highest increase of activity (ca. 5000x) under drought stress, thus indicating its importance in the response to this stress. Re-hydration caused the return of the expression of many genes to the level that was observed under optimal moisture conditions or, at least, a change in this direction Additionally, we examined the promotor regions of HvTIP and detected the presence of the cis-regulatory elements that are connected with the hormone and stress responses in all of the genes. Overall, our results suggest that 7 of 11 studied HvTIP (HvTIP1;1, HvTIP1;2, HvTIP2;1, HvTIP2;2, HvTIP2;3, HvTIP3;1, HvTIP4;1) have an important function during the adaptation of barley to drought stress conditions. We discuss the identified drought-responsive HvTIP in terms of their function in the adaptation of barley to this stress.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased barley seedling relative water content by 55%.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- applied drought stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 55%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The applied drought stress caused a 55% decrease in the relative water content (RWC) in seedlings, while re-watering increased the RWC to 90% of the control.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Re-watering increased relative water content to 90% of control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- re-wateringe0
- Outcome
- RWCe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 90%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applied drought stress caused a 55% decrease in the relative water content (RWC) in seedlings, while re-watering increased the RWC to 90% of the control.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Most HvTIP genes were expressed in leaves under optimal moisture, except three named genes.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- leaves of ten-day-old barley seedlingse0
- Gene
- HvTIP genese0
- Outcome
- were expressede0
- Qualifier
- except HvTIP3;2, HvTIP4;3 and HvTIP5.1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all HvTIP genes, except HvTIP3;2, HvTIP4;3 and HvTIP5.1, were expressed in leaves of ten-day-old barley seedlings under optimal water conditions with the transcripts of HvTIP2;3, HvTIP1;2 and HvTIP1;1 being the most abundant.”
Claim · model-written summary
HvTIP2;3, HvTIP1;2 and HvTIP1;1 had the most abundant transcripts.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Gene
- HvTIP2;3, HvTIP1;2 and HvTIP1;1e0
- Outcome
- transcriptse0
- Direction
- most abundante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all HvTIP genes, except HvTIP3;2, HvTIP4;3 and HvTIP5.1, were expressed in leaves of ten-day-old barley seedlings under optimal water conditions with the transcripts of HvTIP2;3, HvTIP1;2 and HvTIP1;1 being the most abundant.”
Claim · model-written summary
HvTIP genes varied significantly in transcriptional activity under drought stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- analysed genese0
- Outcome
- transcriptional activitye0
- Direction
- variatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant variation in the transcriptional activity between the analysed genes under drought stress”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Five water transport HvTIP genes were down-regulated after drought.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought treatmente0
- Gene
- HvTIP genese0
- Outcome
- HvTIP genese0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After drought treatment, five HvTIP genes, which are engaged in water transport, were down-regulated to varying degrees, while two, HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1, were up-regulated.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
HvTIP3;1 was up-regulated after drought.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought treatmente0
- Gene
- HvTIP3;1e0
- Outcome
- HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1e0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After drought treatment, five HvTIP genes, which are engaged in water transport, were down-regulated to varying degrees, while two, HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1, were up-regulated.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
HvTIP4;1 was up-regulated after drought.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought treatmente0
- Gene
- HvTIP4;1e0
- Outcome
- HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1e0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After drought treatment, five HvTIP genes, which are engaged in water transport, were down-regulated to varying degrees, while two, HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1, were up-regulated.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
HvTIP3;1 showed the largest activity increase under drought, about 5000-fold.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Gene
- HvTIP3;1e0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- highest increasee0
- Value
- ca. 5000xe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The HvTIP3;1 isoform, which is postulated as transporting hydrogen peroxide, expressed the highest increase of activity (ca. 5000x) under drought stress”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Rehydration returned or moved many gene expression levels toward optimal-moisture levels.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Re-hydratione0
- Outcome
- expression of many genese0
- Direction
- returne0
- Comparator
- optimal moisture conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Re-hydration caused the return of the expression of many genes to the level that was observed under optimal moisture conditions or, at least, a change in this direction”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
All examined HvTIP promoters contained hormone and stress response cis-elements.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- HvTIPe0
- Outcome
- presence of the cis-regulatory elementse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we examined the promotor regions of HvTIP and detected the presence of the cis-regulatory elements that are connected with the hormone and stress responses in all of the genes”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest seven studied HvTIP genes function in barley drought adaptation.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Gene
- HvTIPe0
- Outcome
- adaptation of barley to drought stress conditionse0
- Value
- 7 of 11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“7 of 11 studied HvTIP (HvTIP1;1, HvTIP1;2, HvTIP2;1, HvTIP2;2, HvTIP2;3, HvTIP3;1, HvTIP4;1) have an important function during the adaptation of barley to drought stress conditions”
The same questions in other papers
drought · physiology: water · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →drought · molecular: expression · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.